Gordonia hongkongensis sp. nov., isolated from blood culture and peritoneal dialysis effluent of patients in Hong Kong.

Two bacterial strains, HKU50T and HKU46, were isolated in Hong Kong from the blood culture and the peritoneal dialysis effluent of two patients. The strains are Gram-stain-positive, acid-fast, non-motile, non-sporulating bacilli. They grow on Columbia agar with 5 % defibrinated sheep blood and brain-heart infusion agar under aerobic conditions with 5 % CO2 at 37 °C as pink-to-orange, non-haemolytic colonies. The strains are catalase-positive and oxidase-negative, and have a unique biochemical profile distinguishable from other closely related species. DNA sequencing revealed that both isolates possessed multiple intra-genomic 16S rRNA gene copies (99.8-100 % sequence identities to Gordonia lacunae NRRL B-24551T and Gordonia terrae NRRL B-16283T). Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene, secA1 and gyrB showed that the two isolates formed a distinct branch within the genus Gordonia and were most closely related to G. lacunae and G. terrae. DNA-DNA hybridization demonstrated ≤53.7 % and ≤49.4 % DNA relatedness between the two isolates and G. lacunae, and between the two isolates and G. terrae, respectively. Hierarchical cluster analysis of MALDI-TOF MS main spectrum profiles showed that strains HKU50T and HKU46 were closely related to each other, but were distinct from G. lacunae, G. terrae, or any other species of the genus Gordonia in the Bruker database. The chemotaxonomic traits of the two strains were highly similar, and the major fatty acids were summed feature 4 (iso-C15 : 0 2-OH/C16 : 1trans-9), C16 : 0, C18 : 1cis-9, and tuberculostearic acid. A novel species named Gordonia hongkongensis sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate strains HKU50T and HKU46, with strain HKU50T (=CCOS 955T=CIP 111027T=NBRC 111234T=NCCP 16210T) as the type strain.