Akshay Jawale1, Ashok Kumar Datusalia2, Mahendra Bishnoi3, Shyam S Sharma4. 1. Molecular Neuropharmacology Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar -160062, Punjab, India. Electronic address: jawalead9970@gmail.com. 2. Molecular Neuropharmacology Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar -160062, Punjab, India. Electronic address: ashokdatusalia@gmail.com. 3. National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), S.A.S. Nagar (Mohali)-160071, Punjab, India. Electronic address: mbishnoi@nabi.res.in. 4. Molecular Neuropharmacology Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar -160062, Punjab, India. Electronic address: sssharma@niper.ac.in.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Chronic hyperglycemia during diabetes is associated with altered cognitive function. Cinnamaldehyde showed to have many pharmacological activities indicating anti-diabetic, cognitive enhancer, antiinflammatory etc. In the present study, we have investigated the effects of cinnamaldehyde (CA) on diabetes-induced cognitive deficits. METHODS: Diabetes was induced in Sprague Dawley rats using high fat diet followed by streptozotocin (35mg/kg, i.p.). High fat diet feeding was continued for 18 week after STZ administration. CA was administered daily during the last 3 weeks (week 16-18) at a doses of 10, 20 and 40mg/kg (p.o.). Animals were subjected to behavioral tests during 18th week. Neurotransmitter levels (glutamate and GABA), acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity and inflammatory markers (TNF-α and IL-6) were assessed in the hippocampus and cortex. RESULTS: Vehicle-treated diabetic rats showed impaired behavior in open field, elevated plus maze and water maze test compared to age-matched control rats. Cinnamaldehyde showed significant reduction in blood glucose levels at dose of 20 and 40mg/kg. Three weeks treatments of cinnamaldehyde showed significant amelioration of behavioral deficits in diabetic rats. Chronic treatment with cinnamaldehyde showed improvement in brain ChE activity, neurotransmitter levels and reduction in IL-6 and TNF-α levels. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates that treatment with cinnamaldehyde reverse neuroinflammation and changes in neurotransmitter levels, and consequently improves behavioral deficits in diabetic rats.
BACKGROUND:Chronic hyperglycemia during diabetes is associated with altered cognitive function. Cinnamaldehyde showed to have many pharmacological activities indicating anti-diabetic, cognitive enhancer, antiinflammatory etc. In the present study, we have investigated the effects of cinnamaldehyde (CA) on diabetes-induced cognitive deficits. METHODS:Diabetes was induced in Sprague Dawley rats using high fat diet followed by streptozotocin (35mg/kg, i.p.). High fat diet feeding was continued for 18 week after STZ administration. CA was administered daily during the last 3 weeks (week 16-18) at a doses of 10, 20 and 40mg/kg (p.o.). Animals were subjected to behavioral tests during 18th week. Neurotransmitter levels (glutamate and GABA), acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity and inflammatory markers (TNF-α and IL-6) were assessed in the hippocampus and cortex. RESULTS: Vehicle-treated diabeticrats showed impaired behavior in open field, elevated plus maze and water maze test compared to age-matched control rats. Cinnamaldehyde showed significant reduction in blood glucose levels at dose of 20 and 40mg/kg. Three weeks treatments of cinnamaldehyde showed significant amelioration of behavioral deficits in diabeticrats. Chronic treatment with cinnamaldehyde showed improvement in brain ChE activity, neurotransmitter levels and reduction in IL-6 and TNF-α levels. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates that treatment with cinnamaldehyde reverse neuroinflammation and changes in neurotransmitter levels, and consequently improves behavioral deficits in diabeticrats.
Authors: Mirza Muhammad Fahd Qadir; Attya Bhatti; Muhammad Usman Ashraf; Mansur Abdullah Sandhu; Sidrah Anjum; Peter John Journal: Inflammopharmacology Date: 2017-04-20 Impact factor: 4.473