Simagol Ghasemi1, Mahmoud Hosseini1, Azadeh Feizpour2, Fatemeh Alipour3, Akram Sadeghi3, Farzaneh Vafaee1, Toktam Mohammadpour4, Mohammad Soukhtanloo5, Alireza Ebrahimzadeh Bideskan3, Farimah Beheshti1. 1. a Neurocognitive Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Iran. 2. b Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Iran. 3. c Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology , School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran. 4. d Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Iran , and. 5. e Department of Clinical Biochemistry , School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Iran.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The neuroprotective effects of both garlic and ascorbic acid (AA) have been documented. In this study the effects of garlic and ascorbic acid on memory deficits and brain tissue oxidative damages induced by lead exposure was investigated. METHODS: The juvenile rats were divided and treated: (1) Control, (2) Lead (lead acetate in drinking water, 8 weeks), (3) Lead - Ascorbic Acid (Lead-AA), (4) Lead - Garlic (100 mg/kg, daily, gavage) (Lead-Gar). RESULTS: In Morris water maze (MWM), the escape latency and traveled path in the Lead group were significantly higher while, the time spent in the target quadrant (Q1) was lower than Control. Both Lead-Gar and Lead-AA groups spent more times in Q1than to lead group. There were no significant differences in swimming speed between the groups. In passive avoidance (PA) test, the time latency for entering the dark compartment by Lead group was lower than Control. Treatment of the animals by AA and garlic significantly increased the time latency. In Lead group, the total thiol concentration in brain tissues was significantly lower while, MDA was higher than Control. Treatment by both garlic and AA increased total thiol concentrations and decreased MDA. Both garlic and AA decreased the lead content of brain tissues. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that treatment with garlic attenuates the learning and memory impairments due to lead exposure during juvenile rat growth which is comparable to AA. The possible mechanism may be due to its protective effects against brain tissues oxidative damage as well the lowering effects of brain lead content.
OBJECTIVE: The neuroprotective effects of both garlic and ascorbic acid (AA) have been documented. In this study the effects of garlic and ascorbic acid on memory deficits and brain tissue oxidative damages induced by lead exposure was investigated. METHODS: The juvenile rats were divided and treated: (1) Control, (2) Lead (lead acetate in drinking water, 8 weeks), (3) Lead - Ascorbic Acid (Lead-AA), (4) Lead - Garlic (100 mg/kg, daily, gavage) (Lead-Gar). RESULTS: In Morris water maze (MWM), the escape latency and traveled path in the Lead group were significantly higher while, the time spent in the target quadrant (Q1) was lower than Control. Both Lead-Gar and Lead-AA groups spent more times in Q1than to lead group. There were no significant differences in swimming speed between the groups. In passive avoidance (PA) test, the time latency for entering the dark compartment by Lead group was lower than Control. Treatment of the animals by AA and garlic significantly increased the time latency. In Lead group, the total thiol concentration in brain tissues was significantly lower while, MDA was higher than Control. Treatment by both garlic and AA increased total thiol concentrations and decreased MDA. Both garlic and AA decreased the lead content of brain tissues. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that treatment with garlic attenuates the learning and memory impairments due to lead exposure during juvenile rat growth which is comparable to AA. The possible mechanism may be due to its protective effects against brain tissues oxidative damage as well the lowering effects of brain lead content.
Authors: Shumaila Mumtaz; Shaukat Ali; Rida Khan; Hafiz Abdullah Shakir; Hafiz Muhammad Tahir; Samiara Mumtaz; Saiqa Andleeb Journal: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Date: 2020-02-08 Impact factor: 4.223