David Badrudin1, Feras Khaliel2, Raymond Cartier3. 1. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 2. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 3. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Electronic address: raymond.cartier@icm-mhi.ca.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The obesity paradox is a well-known phenomenon in cardiovascular disease; how it interferes with coronary artery revascularization remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of obesity body mass index (BMI > 30; in kg/m2) on short- and long-term survival and major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE)-free survival in obese patients after off-pump coronary artery bypass operation. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed our prospective cohort of 1,400 consecutive and systematic patients who underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass operation between September 1996 and November 2007 and identified 448 (32%) with preoperative BMI greater than 30. RESULTS: Patients with BMI greater than 30 patients were younger and had a higher prevalence of diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and percutaneous coronary interventions than patients with BMI less than 30. Thirty-day mortality and perioperative myocardial infarction were similar in both groups. No significant difference was observed for wound infections, sternal dehiscence, and reoperation for bleeding. Overall, long-term survival was comparable in the two groups, although obese patients older than 65 years had a better survival than the nonobese patients even after correction for risk factors (p = 0.04). MACE-free survival at 10 years was 65.3% ± 5.7% in obese and 76.3% ± 2.3% in nonobese patients (p = 0.007). Statistical significance was maintained (p = 0.008) after correction for risk factors. Among MACE, only new episodes of congestive heart failure were more prevalent in obese patients (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: In our series of off-pump coronary artery bypass operation, obesity was not an independent cause of short- and long-term mortality and was shown beneficial for older patients. However, obese patients had a lower MACE-free survival because of an increased incidence of rehospitalization for congestive heart failure.
BACKGROUND: The obesity paradox is a well-known phenomenon in cardiovascular disease; how it interferes with coronary artery revascularization remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of obesity body mass index (BMI > 30; in kg/m2) on short- and long-term survival and major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE)-free survival in obesepatients after off-pump coronary artery bypass operation. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed our prospective cohort of 1,400 consecutive and systematic patients who underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass operation between September 1996 and November 2007 and identified 448 (32%) with preoperative BMI greater than 30. RESULTS:Patients with BMI greater than 30 patients were younger and had a higher prevalence of diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and percutaneous coronary interventions than patients with BMI less than 30. Thirty-day mortality and perioperative myocardial infarction were similar in both groups. No significant difference was observed for wound infections, sternal dehiscence, and reoperation for bleeding. Overall, long-term survival was comparable in the two groups, although obesepatients older than 65 years had a better survival than the nonobese patients even after correction for risk factors (p = 0.04). MACE-free survival at 10 years was 65.3% ± 5.7% in obese and 76.3% ± 2.3% in nonobese patients (p = 0.007). Statistical significance was maintained (p = 0.008) after correction for risk factors. Among MACE, only new episodes of congestive heart failure were more prevalent in obesepatients (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: In our series of off-pump coronary artery bypass operation, obesity was not an independent cause of short- and long-term mortality and was shown beneficial for older patients. However, obesepatients had a lower MACE-free survival because of an increased incidence of rehospitalization for congestive heart failure.