M C Machado1,2,3, A E E Alcantara4, A C L Pereira4, V A S Cescato5, N R Castro Musolino5, B B de Mendonça6, M D Bronstein4,7, M C B V Fragoso4,6. 1. Neuroendocrine Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. marcioc-machado@uol.com.br. 2. Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Endocrinology LIM-25, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. marcioc-machado@uol.com.br. 3. Endocrinology Division, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. marcioc-machado@uol.com.br. 4. Neuroendocrine Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 5. Division of Neurosurgery, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 6. Laboratório de Hormônios e Genética Molecular LIM-42, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 7. Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Endocrinology LIM-25, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Pituitary macroadenomas (MACs) represent 10-30 % of Cushing's disease (CD) cases. The aim of this study was to report the clinical, laboratorial and imaging features and postsurgical outcomes of microadenoma (MIC) and MAC patients. METHODS: Retrospective study with 317 CD patients (median 32 years old, range 9-71 years) admitted between 1990 and 2014, 74 (23.3 %) of whom had MAC. RESULTS: Hirsutism, plethora facial, muscular weakness and muscular atrophy were more frequent in the MIC patients. Nephrolithiasis, osteopenia, hyperprolactinaemia and galactorrhoea were more prevalent in MAC patients. The morning serum cortisol (Fs), nocturnal salivary cortisol (NSC), nocturnal Fs (Fs 2400 h), low- and high-dose dexamethasone suppression test results and CRH and desmopressin test results were similar between the subgroups. MIC patients showed higher urinary cortisol at 24 h (UC), and MAC patients presented higher ACTH levels but lower Fs/ACTH, Fs 2400 h/ACTH, NSC/ACTH and UC/ACTH ratios. There were negative correlations of tumour size with Fs/ACTH, Fs 2400 h/ACTH, NSC/ACTH and UC/ACTH ratios. Overall, the postsurgical remission and recurrence rates were similar between MIC and MAC. However, patients in remission (MIC + MAC) showed smaller tumour diameters and a lower prevalence of invasion and extension on MRI. CONCLUSIONS: Despite exhibiting higher plasma ACTH levels, CD patients with MAC presented lower cortisol/ACTH ratios than did patients with MIC, with a negative correlation between tumour size and cortisol/ACTH ratios. The overall postsurgical remission and recurrence rates were similar between MIC and MAC patients, with those with larger and/or invasive tumours showing a lower remission rate.
PURPOSE:Pituitary macroadenomas (MACs) represent 10-30 % of Cushing's disease (CD) cases. The aim of this study was to report the clinical, laboratorial and imaging features and postsurgical outcomes of microadenoma (MIC) and MAC patients. METHODS: Retrospective study with 317 CDpatients (median 32 years old, range 9-71 years) admitted between 1990 and 2014, 74 (23.3 %) of whom had MAC. RESULTS:Hirsutism, plethora facial, muscular weakness and muscular atrophy were more frequent in the MIC patients. Nephrolithiasis, osteopenia, hyperprolactinaemia and galactorrhoea were more prevalent in MAC patients. The morning serum cortisol (Fs), nocturnal salivary cortisol (NSC), nocturnal Fs (Fs 2400 h), low- and high-dose dexamethasone suppression test results and CRH and desmopressin test results were similar between the subgroups. MIC patients showed higher urinary cortisol at 24 h (UC), and MAC patients presented higher ACTH levels but lower Fs/ACTH, Fs 2400 h/ACTH, NSC/ACTH and UC/ACTH ratios. There were negative correlations of tumour size with Fs/ACTH, Fs 2400 h/ACTH, NSC/ACTH and UC/ACTH ratios. Overall, the postsurgical remission and recurrence rates were similar between MIC and MAC. However, patients in remission (MIC + MAC) showed smaller tumour diameters and a lower prevalence of invasion and extension on MRI. CONCLUSIONS: Despite exhibiting higher plasma ACTH levels, CDpatients with MAC presented lower cortisol/ACTH ratios than did patients with MIC, with a negative correlation between tumour size and cortisol/ACTH ratios. The overall postsurgical remission and recurrence rates were similar between MIC and MAC patients, with those with larger and/or invasive tumours showing a lower remission rate.
Entities:
Keywords:
Cushing’s disease; Macroadenoma; Microadenoma; Pituitary surgery
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