Gabriel D Shapiro1, Tracey Bushnik2, Amanda J Sheppard3, Michael S Kramer1,4, Jay S Kaufman1, Seungmi Yang1. 1. Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 2. Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. 3. Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 4. Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Research on predictors of adverse birth outcomes has focused on maternal characteristics. Much less is known about the role of paternal factors. Paternal education is an important socioeconomic marker that may predict birth outcomes over and above maternal socioeconomic indicators. METHODS: Using data from the 2006 Canadian Birth-Census Cohort, we estimated the associations between paternal education and preterm birth, small-for-gestational-age (SGA) birth, stillbirth and infant mortality in Canada, controlling for maternal characteristics. Binomial regression was used to estimate risk ratios and risk differences for adverse birth outcomes associated with paternal education, after controlling for maternal education, age, marital status, parity, ethnicity and nativity. RESULTS: A total of 131 285 singleton births were included in the present study. Comparing the lowest to the highest paternal education category, adjusted risk ratios (95% CIs) were 1.22 (1.10 to 1.35) for preterm birth, 1.13 (1.03 to 1.23) for SGA birth, 1.92 (1.28 to 2.86) for stillbirth and 1.67 (1.01 to 2.75) for infant mortality. Consistent patterns of associations were observed for absolute risk differences. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that low paternal education increases the risk of adverse birth outcomes, and especially of fetal and infant mortality, independently from maternal characteristics. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.
BACKGROUND: Research on predictors of adverse birth outcomes has focused on maternal characteristics. Much less is known about the role of paternal factors. Paternal education is an important socioeconomic marker that may predict birth outcomes over and above maternal socioeconomic indicators. METHODS: Using data from the 2006 Canadian Birth-Census Cohort, we estimated the associations between paternal education and preterm birth, small-for-gestational-age (SGA) birth, stillbirth and infant mortality in Canada, controlling for maternal characteristics. Binomial regression was used to estimate risk ratios and risk differences for adverse birth outcomes associated with paternal education, after controlling for maternal education, age, marital status, parity, ethnicity and nativity. RESULTS: A total of 131 285 singleton births were included in the present study. Comparing the lowest to the highest paternal education category, adjusted risk ratios (95% CIs) were 1.22 (1.10 to 1.35) for preterm birth, 1.13 (1.03 to 1.23) for SGA birth, 1.92 (1.28 to 2.86) for stillbirth and 1.67 (1.01 to 2.75) for infant mortality. Consistent patterns of associations were observed for absolute risk differences. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that low paternal education increases the risk of adverse birth outcomes, and especially of fetal and infant mortality, independently from maternal characteristics. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.
Authors: Shaili C Jha; Kai Xia; Mihye Ahn; Jessica B Girault; Gang Li; Li Wang; Dinggang Shen; Fei Zou; Hongtu Zhu; Martin Styner; John H Gilmore; Rebecca C Knickmeyer Journal: Cereb Cortex Date: 2019-03-01 Impact factor: 5.357
Authors: Anne L Dunlop; Alicynne Glazier Essalmi; Lyndsay Alvalos; Carrie Breton; Carlos A Camargo; Whitney J Cowell; Dana Dabelea; Stephen R Dager; Cristiane Duarte; Amy Elliott; Raina Fichorova; James Gern; Monique M Hedderson; Elizabeth Hom Thepaksorn; Kathi Huddleston; Margaret R Karagas; Ken Kleinman; Leslie Leve; Ximin Li; Yijun Li; Augusto Litonjua; Yunin Ludena-Rodriguez; Juliette C Madan; Julio Mateus Nino; Cynthia McEvoy; Thomas G O'Connor; Amy M Padula; Nigel Paneth; Frederica Perera; Sheela Sathyanarayana; Rebecca J Schmidt; Robert T Schultz; Jessica Snowden; Joseph B Stanford; Leonardo Trasande; Heather E Volk; William Wheaton; Rosalind J Wright; Monica McGrath Journal: PLoS One Date: 2021-01-08 Impact factor: 3.752