Kazutaka Ueda1, Osamu Tagusari2, Masashi Kasao3. 1. Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Police Hospital, 4-22-1 Nakano, Nakano-ku, Tokyo 1640001, Japan Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 11308655, Japan uedak-tky@umin.ac.jp. 2. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Omori Red Cross Hospital, 4-30-1 Chuo Ota-ku, Tokyo 1438527, Japan. 3. Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Police Hospital, 4-22-1 Nakano, Nakano-ku, Tokyo 1640001, Japan.