Gabriel Gutman1,2, Hubert Labelle1,2, Soraya Barchi2, Pierre Roussouly3, Éric Berthonnaud4, Jean-Marc Mac-Thiong5,6,7. 1. Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada. 2. Department of Surgery, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Ch. de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1C4, Canada. 3. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Centre Médico-Chirurgical de Réadaptation des Massues, Lyon, France. 4. Clinical Research Unit, L'Hôpital Nord Ouest Villefranche, Villefranche/Saône, France. 5. Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada. macthiong@gmail.com. 6. Department of Surgery, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Ch. de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1C4, Canada. macthiong@gmail.com. 7. Department of Surgery, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, 5400 Boul Gouin O, Montréal, Québec, H4J 1C5, Canada. macthiong@gmail.com.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To document values for parameters of global spinal balance in asymptomatic children and adolescents. METHODS: Multicenter prospective study of normal sagittal global spinal balance in Caucasian children and adolescents. Spinosacral angle (SSA), spinal tilt (ST), and C7 translation ratio were evaluated in 646 asymptomatic children and adolescents (276 males and 370 females). RESULTS: Mean and standard deviation for SSA, ST, and C7 translation ratio were, respectively 132.1° ± 8.3°, 93.2° ± 4.6° and -0.7 ± 8.3. Mean ± 2 standard deviations were, respectively 116°-149° for SSA and 84°-102° for ST. C7 plumbline was behind the HA (hip axis) in 78 % of subjects. Correlations between global balance and age were small (-0.17 ≤ r ≤ 0.19). CONCLUSION: Asymptomatic children and adolescents tend to stand with a stable global balance, and 95 % have an SSA and ST between 116° and 149° and 85°-102°, respectively. C7 plumbline in front of the HA is not necessarily associated with a spinal pathology.
PURPOSE: To document values for parameters of global spinal balance in asymptomatic children and adolescents. METHODS: Multicenter prospective study of normal sagittal global spinal balance in Caucasian children and adolescents. Spinosacral angle (SSA), spinal tilt (ST), and C7 translation ratio were evaluated in 646 asymptomatic children and adolescents (276 males and 370 females). RESULTS: Mean and standard deviation for SSA, ST, and C7 translation ratio were, respectively 132.1° ± 8.3°, 93.2° ± 4.6° and -0.7 ± 8.3. Mean ± 2 standard deviations were, respectively 116°-149° for SSA and 84°-102° for ST. C7 plumbline was behind the HA (hip axis) in 78 % of subjects. Correlations between global balance and age were small (-0.17 ≤ r ≤ 0.19). CONCLUSION: Asymptomatic children and adolescents tend to stand with a stable global balance, and 95 % have an SSA and ST between 116° and 149° and 85°-102°, respectively. C7 plumbline in front of the HA is not necessarily associated with a spinal pathology.
Entities:
Keywords:
Adolescents; Children; Global spinal balance; Normal population; Posture; Sagittal alignment
Authors: Jean-Marc Mac-Thiong; Eric Berthonnaud; John R Dimar; Randal R Betz; Hubert Labelle Journal: Spine (Phila Pa 1976) Date: 2004-08-01 Impact factor: 3.468
Authors: C Marty; B Boisaubert; H Descamps; J P Montigny; J Hecquet; J Legaye; G Duval-Beaupère Journal: Eur Spine J Date: 2002-01-11 Impact factor: 3.134