Christopher L Taylor1, Darrell Ranum2. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA. Electronic address: ctaylor@salud.unm.edu. 2. The Doctors Company, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Recommendations that may help reduce adverse events outside the perioperative period are uncommon. We identified the primary factors that contributed to patient injury in neurosurgical practice both within the perioperative period and outside the perioperative period. METHODS: Medical malpractice claims (n = 355) from The Doctors Company that were closed over 7 years were reviewed by neurosurgical medical experts. Objective neurosurgical expert analysis of the cases identified patient injuries and the primary factor that contributed to the patient injury. RESULTS: Continued pain, nerve damage, and need for additional surgery were the most common injuries. In 145 cases (40.8%), the primary factor that contributed to patient injury occurred outside the perioperative period: assessment (evaluation and diagnosis), selection and management of therapy, and communication between the physician and patient/family. In 138 (38.9%) cases, the primary factor that contributed to patient injury occurred within the perioperative period. Surgical complication (a known risk of the procedure) was the primary factor in 99 cases (27.9%), and technical performance of surgery was the primary factor in only 39 cases (11.0%). CONCLUSIONS: In addition to excellent surgical technique, checklists, teamwork, outcomes measurement, and regionalization of subspecialty care, improving patient safety in neurosurgical practice requires careful attention to care provided outside the perioperative period. Differential diagnosis, consideration of all relevant clinical data, active pursuit of good physician-patient relationships, and adequate monitoring of patients receiving nonsurgical treatment may also help improve patient safety in neurosurgical practice.
BACKGROUND: Recommendations that may help reduce adverse events outside the perioperative period are uncommon. We identified the primary factors that contributed to patientinjury in neurosurgical practice both within the perioperative period and outside the perioperative period. METHODS: Medical malpractice claims (n = 355) from The Doctors Company that were closed over 7 years were reviewed by neurosurgical medical experts. Objective neurosurgical expert analysis of the cases identified patientinjuries and the primary factor that contributed to the patientinjury. RESULTS: Continued pain, nerve damage, and need for additional surgery were the most common injuries. In 145 cases (40.8%), the primary factor that contributed to patientinjury occurred outside the perioperative period: assessment (evaluation and diagnosis), selection and management of therapy, and communication between the physician and patient/family. In 138 (38.9%) cases, the primary factor that contributed to patientinjury occurred within the perioperative period. Surgical complication (a known risk of the procedure) was the primary factor in 99 cases (27.9%), and technical performance of surgery was the primary factor in only 39 cases (11.0%). CONCLUSIONS: In addition to excellent surgical technique, checklists, teamwork, outcomes measurement, and regionalization of subspecialty care, improving patient safety in neurosurgical practice requires careful attention to care provided outside the perioperative period. Differential diagnosis, consideration of all relevant clinical data, active pursuit of good physician-patient relationships, and adequate monitoring of patients receiving nonsurgical treatment may also help improve patient safety in neurosurgical practice.