Polypoid squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.

Since 1971, 111 patients with esophageal carcinoma have undergone esophagectomy at the affiliated hospitals of Nippon Medical School. Of the 101 patients with ordinary squamous cell carcinoma, seven (7%) had intraluminal polypoid masses, endoscopically, and radiologically. The criteria used to select cases were as follows: (1) a size greater than 3 cm, (2) an intraluminal polypoid or pedunclated tumor, and (3) absence of wall construction and ulceration. Four of the seven polypoid cases have survived more than 5 years. One has lived more than 3 years. The 5-year survival rate of those patients with the polypoid type was 71%, but it was only 11% for the other types (P less than 0.05). Age, sex, size or location of the tumor, histologic grade, or lymph node metastasis did not affect survival. Only the incidence of adventitial involvement was significantly lower for the polypoid type. These results indicate that polypoid-type squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus has a fairly good prognosis after surgery.