Soraia Aparecida da Silva1, Mariana Maciel Pereira de Figueiredo2, Lauro Carneiro3, Débora Borowiak Reiss4, Mariana Amaranto de Souza Damásio4. 1. Hospital Municipal Odilon Behrens, Belo Horizonte MG , Brazil, MD, Specialist degree in Internal Medicine from Sociedade Brasileira de Clínica Médica. Manager of Adult and Senior Care and Hospital Internship Preceptor at Hospital Municipal Odilon Behrens (HOB). Professor, Faculdade da Saúde e Ecologia Humana (Faseh), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 2. Faculdade de Medicina de Barbacena, Faculdade de Medicina de Barbacena, Fundação José Bonifácio Lafayette de Andrada, Barbacena MG , Brazil, Medical Student - Faculdade de Medicina de Barbacena, Fundação José Bonifácio Lafayette de Andrada (Fame/Funjob), Hospital Internship - 12th semester, Barbacena, MG, Brazil. 3. Faculdade de Medicina de Barbacena, Fame/Funjob, Barbacena MG , Brazil, Dental Surgeon - Medical Student, Fame/Funjob, Hospital Internship - 12th semester, Barbacena, MG, Brazil. 4. Faculdade da Saúde e Ecologia Humana, Faculdade da Saúde e Ecologia Humana, Vespasiano MG , Brazil, Medical Student - Faseh, Hospital Internship, 11th semester, Vespasiano, MG, Brazil.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To review the hypersensitivity reaction to drugs known as drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS syndrome), based on a case report. We also intend to discuss the difficulty and importance of disease recognition, since none of the changes is pathognomonic of this disease and failure to identify it may have disastrous consequences for the patient. METHOD: To describe this case report, in addition to the information collected for clinical assessment, a literature review was performed in the PubMed and Bireme databases in order to retrieve the latest information published in literature on DRESS syndrome. RESULTS: The case of a 20-year old patient is reported. After anamnesis, physical examination and laboratory tests a diagnosis of DRESS syndrome was performed, characterized by rash, hematologic alterations, lymphadenopathy and lesions in target organ. This is a rare syndrome, whose frequency varies according to the drug used and the immune status of the patient, being more often associated with the use of anticonvulsants. CONCLUSION: The approach and discussion of the topic are of paramount importance, in view of the potential lethality of this treatable syndrome. Recognizing the occurrence of DRESS syndrome and starting treatment as soon as possible is crucial to reduce the risk of mortality and improve prognosis.
OBJECTIVE: To review the hypersensitivity reaction to drugs known as drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS syndrome), based on a case report. We also intend to discuss the difficulty and importance of disease recognition, since none of the changes is pathognomonic of this disease and failure to identify it may have disastrous consequences for the patient. METHOD: To describe this case report, in addition to the information collected for clinical assessment, a literature review was performed in the PubMed and Bireme databases in order to retrieve the latest information published in literature on DRESS syndrome. RESULTS: The case of a 20-year old patient is reported. After anamnesis, physical examination and laboratory tests a diagnosis of DRESS syndrome was performed, characterized by rash, hematologic alterations, lymphadenopathy and lesions in target organ. This is a rare syndrome, whose frequency varies according to the drug used and the immune status of the patient, being more often associated with the use of anticonvulsants. CONCLUSION: The approach and discussion of the topic are of paramount importance, in view of the potential lethality of this treatable syndrome. Recognizing the occurrence of DRESS syndrome and starting treatment as soon as possible is crucial to reduce the risk of mortality and improve prognosis.