Variations of chromosome 2 gene expressions among patients with lung cancer or non-cancer.

Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. The present study aimed to investigate specific genotypes of different subtypes or stages of lung cancer through gene expression variations of chromosome 2 genes, trying to identify predictors for diagnosis or prognosis of lung cancer. About 537 patients with lung adenocarcinoma (ADC), 140 patients with lung squamous carcinoma (SQC), 9 patients with lung large cell carcinoma (LCC), 56 patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and 590 patients without cancer were analyzed in present study. Co-expressed, subtype-specific, and stage-specific chromosome 2 genes were identified and further analyzed by bioinformatic methods. As a result, 15 or 10 genes were significantly up- or down-regulated in all four subtypes of lung cancer. GKN1, LOC100131510, prominin-2 (PROM2), IL37, and SNORA41 were identified as ADC-specific up-regulated genes; SQC-specific up-regulated genes included HOXD family (HOXD1, HOXD3, HOXD4, HOXD8, and HOXD9) and UGT1A family (UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A4, UGT1A5, UGT1A7, UGT1A8, UGT1A9, and UGT1A10); and LCC- or SCLC-specific genes were also identified. Nine genes were significantly up-expressed at all four stages of ADC while 230 genes at all three stages of SQC. MFSD2B, CCL20 and STAT1, or STARD7 and ZNF512 genes may be risk or protect factors in prognosis of ADC, while HTR2B, DPP4, and TGFBRAP1 genes may be risk factors in prognosis of SQC. Our results suggested that a number of altered chromosome 2 genes have the subtype or stage specificities of lung cancer and may be considered as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.