Khaled S Abdlekawy1, Ahmed M Donia2, Fawzy Elbarbry3. 1. Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr el-Sheikh, Egypt. 2. Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt. 3. School of Pharmacy, Pacific University, 222 SE 8th Ave., Hillsboro, OR, 97123, USA. Fawzy.elbarbry@pacificu.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The package leaflet for dapoxetine, an effective treatment for premature ejaculation, includes a strict warning against coadministration with drugs or herbal remedies that strongly induce or inhibit the activity of Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 enzyme. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of multiple daily consumption of grapefruit juice (GFJ) and pomegranate juice (PJ) on the pharmacokinetics of dapoxetine, we conducted an open-label, three-way crossover study in 12 healthy subjects usingmidazolam as a probe substrate for CYP3A4. METHODS: Participants received a single oral dose of dapoxetine (60 mg) and midazolam (7.5 mg) after pretreatment with 250 ml of either water, undiluted GFJ, or PJ for three consecutive days. All subjects were monitored for adverse effects during the study period. RESULTS: Compared to pretreatment with water, GFJ increased the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity (AUC0-∞) and peak plasma concentration (C max) of dapoxetine by 60 and 80 %, respectively, and prolonged its elimination half-life (t 1/2) by 43 %. Similar effects of GFJ on the pharmacokinetics of midazolam were observed with a significant increase in AUC0-∞ (75 %), C max (40 %), and t 1/2 (92 %). Slight but not statistically significant changes were observed in the pharmacokinetics of dapoxetine and midazolam after pretreatment with PJ. Time to reach C max (T max) did not differ among the three phases. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that GFJ increases the extent of absorption and reduces clearance of dapoxetine possibly by inhibition of both intestinal and hepatic CYP3A4, whereas PJ has little effect on dapoxetine pharmacokinetics. Although the impact of GFJ on the pharmacokinetics of dapoxetine was mild, a great caution should be considered when they are concomitantly administered.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: The package leaflet for dapoxetine, an effective treatment for premature ejaculation, includes a strict warning against coadministration with drugs or herbal remedies that strongly induce or inhibit the activity of Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 enzyme. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of multiple daily consumption of grapefruit juice (GFJ) and pomegranate juice (PJ) on the pharmacokinetics of dapoxetine, we conducted an open-label, three-way crossover study in 12 healthy subjects using midazolam as a probe substrate for CYP3A4. METHODS:Participants received a single oral dose of dapoxetine (60 mg) and midazolam (7.5 mg) after pretreatment with 250 ml of either water, undiluted GFJ, or PJ for three consecutive days. All subjects were monitored for adverse effects during the study period. RESULTS: Compared to pretreatment with water, GFJ increased the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity (AUC0-∞) and peak plasma concentration (C max) of dapoxetine by 60 and 80 %, respectively, and prolonged its elimination half-life (t 1/2) by 43 %. Similar effects of GFJ on the pharmacokinetics of midazolam were observed with a significant increase in AUC0-∞ (75 %), C max (40 %), and t 1/2 (92 %). Slight but not statistically significant changes were observed in the pharmacokinetics of dapoxetine and midazolam after pretreatment with PJ. Time to reach C max (T max) did not differ among the three phases. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that GFJ increases the extent of absorption and reduces clearance of dapoxetine possibly by inhibition of both intestinal and hepatic CYP3A4, whereas PJ has little effect on dapoxetine pharmacokinetics. Although the impact of GFJ on the pharmacokinetics of dapoxetine was mild, a great caution should be considered when they are concomitantly administered.
Authors: Z Desta; K T Kivistö; J J Lilja; J T Backman; N Soukhova; P J Neuvonen; D A Flockhart Journal: Br J Clin Pharmacol Date: 2001-10 Impact factor: 4.335
Authors: Mary F Paine; Wilbur W Widmer; Susan N Pusek; Kimberly L Beavers; Anne B Criss; Jennifer Snyder; Paul B Watkins Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2008-04 Impact factor: 7.045