Christopher Rowe1, Robert Gunier2, Asa Bradman3, Kim G Harley4, Katherine Kogut5, Kimberly Parra6, Brenda Eskenazi7. 1. Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States. Electronic address: chris.lloyd.rowe@gmail.com. 2. Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States. Electronic address: gunier@berkeley.edu. 3. Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States. Electronic address: abradman@berkeley.edu. 4. Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States. Electronic address: kharley@berkeley.edu. 5. Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States. Electronic address: kkogut8@berkeley.edu. 6. Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States; Clinica de Salud del Valle de Salinas (CSVS), Salinas, CA, United States. Electronic address: klparra@gmail.com. 7. Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States. Electronic address: eskenazi@berkeley.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Low-income communities and communities of color have been shown to experience disproportionate exposure to agricultural pesticides, which have been linked to poorer neurobehavioral outcomes in infants and children. Few studies have assessed health impacts of pesticide mixtures in the context of socioeconomic adversity. OBJECTIVES: To examine associations between residential proximity to toxicity-weighted organophosphate (OP) and carbamate pesticide use during pregnancy, household- and neighborhood-level poverty during childhood, and IQ scores in 10-year-old children. METHODS: We evaluated associations between both nearby agricultural pesticide use and poverty measures and cognitive abilities in 10-year-old children (n = 501) using data from a longitudinal birth cohort study linked with data from the California Pesticide Use Reporting system and the American Community Survey. Associations were assessed using multivariable linear regression. RESULTS: Children of mothers in the highest quartile compared to the lowest quartile of proximal pesticide use had lower performance on Full Scale IQ [β = -3.0; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = (-5.6, -0.3)], Perceptual Reasoning [β = -4.0; (-7.6, -0.4)], and Working Memory [β = -2.8; (-5.6, -0.1)]. Belonging to a household earning an income at or below the poverty threshold was associated with approximately two point lower scores on Full Scale IQ, Verbal Comprehension, and Working Memory. Living in the highest quartile of neighborhood poverty at age 10 was associated with approximately four point lower performance on Full Scale IQ, Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Reasoning, and Working memory. CONCLUSIONS: Residential proximity to OP and carbamate pesticide use during pregnancy and both household- and neighborhood-level poverty during childhood were independently associated with poorer cognitive functioning in children at 10 years of age.
BACKGROUND: Low-income communities and communities of color have been shown to experience disproportionate exposure to agricultural pesticides, which have been linked to poorer neurobehavioral outcomes in infants and children. Few studies have assessed health impacts of pesticide mixtures in the context of socioeconomic adversity. OBJECTIVES: To examine associations between residential proximity to toxicity-weighted organophosphate (OP) and carbamate pesticide use during pregnancy, household- and neighborhood-level poverty during childhood, and IQ scores in 10-year-old children. METHODS: We evaluated associations between both nearby agricultural pesticide use and poverty measures and cognitive abilities in 10-year-old children (n = 501) using data from a longitudinal birth cohort study linked with data from the California Pesticide Use Reporting system and the American Community Survey. Associations were assessed using multivariable linear regression. RESULTS:Children of mothers in the highest quartile compared to the lowest quartile of proximal pesticide use had lower performance on Full Scale IQ [β = -3.0; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = (-5.6, -0.3)], Perceptual Reasoning [β = -4.0; (-7.6, -0.4)], and Working Memory [β = -2.8; (-5.6, -0.1)]. Belonging to a household earning an income at or below the poverty threshold was associated with approximately two point lower scores on Full Scale IQ, Verbal Comprehension, and Working Memory. Living in the highest quartile of neighborhood poverty at age 10 was associated with approximately four point lower performance on Full Scale IQ, Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Reasoning, and Working memory. CONCLUSIONS: Residential proximity to OP and carbamate pesticide use during pregnancy and both household- and neighborhood-level poverty during childhood were independently associated with poorer cognitive functioning in children at 10 years of age.
Authors: Jessica G Young; Brenda Eskenazi; Eleanor A Gladstone; Asa Bradman; Lesley Pedersen; Caroline Johnson; Dana B Barr; Clement E Furlong; Nina T Holland Journal: Neurotoxicology Date: 2005-03 Impact factor: 4.294
Authors: Stephanie M Engel; Gertrud S Berkowitz; Dana B Barr; Susan L Teitelbaum; Jodi Siskind; Stefanie J Meisel; James G Wetmur; Mary S Wolff Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2007-04-03 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: Marie S O'Neill; Michael Jerrett; Ichiro Kawachi; Jonathan I Levy; Aaron J Cohen; Nelson Gouveia; Paul Wilkinson; Tony Fletcher; Luis Cifuentes; Joel Schwartz Journal: Environ Health Perspect Date: 2003-12 Impact factor: 9.031
Authors: María Martha Quintana; Berta Vera; Gladis Magnarelli; Natalia Guiñazú; María Gabriela Rovedatti Journal: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Date: 2017-07-17 Impact factor: 4.223
Authors: Jose R Suarez-Lopez; Vennis Hong; Kelsey N McDonald; Jose Suarez-Torres; Dolores López; Franklin De La Cruz Journal: Int J Hyg Environ Health Date: 2018-08-18 Impact factor: 5.840
Authors: Elizabeth Friedman; Marnie F Hazlehurst; Christine Loftus; Catherine Karr; Kelsey N McDonald; Jose Ricardo Suarez-Lopez Journal: Int J Hyg Environ Health Date: 2019-10-10 Impact factor: 5.840
Authors: Robert B Gunier; Asa Bradman; Rosemary Castorina; Nina T Holland; Dylan Avery; Kim G Harley; Brenda Eskenazi Journal: Environ Res Date: 2017-07-04 Impact factor: 6.498
Authors: Ixel Hernandez-Castro; Sandrah P Eckel; Thomas Chavez; Mark Johnson; Deborah Lerner; Brendan Grubbs; Claudia M Toledo-Corral; Shohreh F Farzan; Rima Habre; Genevieve F Dunton; Carrie V Breton; Theresa M Bastain Journal: Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol Date: 2021-12-29 Impact factor: 3.980
Authors: Jake E Thistle; Amanda Ramos; Kyle R Roell; Giehae Choi; Cherrel K Manley; Amber M Hall; Gro D Villanger; Enrique Cequier; Amrit K Sakhi; Cathrine Thomsen; Pål Zeiner; Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud; Kristin R Øvergaard; Amy Herring; Heidi Aase; Stephanie M Engel Journal: Environ Res Date: 2022-05-22 Impact factor: 8.431
Authors: Michelle E Roh; Arthur Mpimbaza; Brenda Oundo; Amanda Irish; Maxwell Murphy; Sean L Wu; Justin S White; Stephen Shiboski; M Maria Glymour; Roly Gosling; Grant Dorsey; Hugh Sturrock Journal: Int J Epidemiol Date: 2022-10-13 Impact factor: 9.685
Authors: Spencer W Todd; Eric W Lumsden; Yasco Aracava; Jacek Mamczarz; Edson X Albuquerque; Edna F R Pereira Journal: Neuropharmacology Date: 2020-08-16 Impact factor: 5.250