Qihong Deng1, Chan Lu2, Yuguo Li3, Jan Sundell4. 1. School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Institute of Environmental Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. Electronic address: qhdeng@csu.edu.cn. 2. School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. 3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. 4. School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Mounting evidence suggests that exposure to ambient air pollution is associated with the development of childhood allergic diseases, but the effect of prenatal exposure to air pollution on the risk of childhood asthma and allergy is unclear. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the association between maternal exposure to outdoor air pollution during different trimesters of pregnancy and incidence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema in 2598 preschool children aged 3-6 years in China. METHODS: Children's lifetime incidence of allergic diseases was obtained using questionnaire. Individual exposure to outdoor air pollutants during trimesters of pregnancy was estimated by an inverse distance weighted (IDW) method based on the measured concentrations at monitoring stations. We used multiple logistic regression method to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema for per interquartile range (IQR) increase in the exposure to air pollutant in each trimester, which was adjusted for the effect of other air pollutants and its effect in other trimesters by a multi-pollutant/trimester model. RESULTS: Incidence of asthma (6.8%), allergic rhinitis (7.3%), and eczema (28.6%) in children was associated with maternal exposure to traffic-related pollutant NO2 during entire pregnancy with OR (95% confidence interval [CI]) respectively 1.63 (0.99-2.70), 1.69 (1.03-2.77), and 1.37 (1.04-1.80). After adjustment for other pollutants and trimesters, we found the association was significant only in specific trimester: the first trimester for eczema (1.54, 1.14-2.09), the second trimester for asthma (1.72, 1.02-2.97), and the third trimester for allergic rhinitis (1.77, 1.09-2.89). Sensitivity analysis indicated that the trimester sensitive to the development of allergic diseases was stable. CONCLUSION: Maternal exposure to traffic-related air pollutant NO2 during pregnancy, especially in specific trimesters, is associated with an increased risk of developing asthma, rhinitis, and eczema in children. Our results support the hypothesis that childhood allergic diseases originate in fetal life and are triggered by traffic-related air pollution in sensitive trimesters.
BACKGROUND: Mounting evidence suggests that exposure to ambient air pollution is associated with the development of childhood allergic diseases, but the effect of prenatal exposure to air pollution on the risk of childhood asthma and allergy is unclear. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the association between maternal exposure to outdoor air pollution during different trimesters of pregnancy and incidence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema in 2598 preschool children aged 3-6 years in China. METHODS:Children's lifetime incidence of allergic diseases was obtained using questionnaire. Individual exposure to outdoor air pollutants during trimesters of pregnancy was estimated by an inverse distance weighted (IDW) method based on the measured concentrations at monitoring stations. We used multiple logistic regression method to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema for per interquartile range (IQR) increase in the exposure to air pollutant in each trimester, which was adjusted for the effect of other air pollutants and its effect in other trimesters by a multi-pollutant/trimester model. RESULTS: Incidence of asthma (6.8%), allergic rhinitis (7.3%), and eczema (28.6%) in children was associated with maternal exposure to traffic-related pollutant NO2 during entire pregnancy with OR (95% confidence interval [CI]) respectively 1.63 (0.99-2.70), 1.69 (1.03-2.77), and 1.37 (1.04-1.80). After adjustment for other pollutants and trimesters, we found the association was significant only in specific trimester: the first trimester for eczema (1.54, 1.14-2.09), the second trimester for asthma (1.72, 1.02-2.97), and the third trimester for allergic rhinitis (1.77, 1.09-2.89). Sensitivity analysis indicated that the trimester sensitive to the development of allergic diseases was stable. CONCLUSION: Maternal exposure to traffic-related air pollutant NO2 during pregnancy, especially in specific trimesters, is associated with an increased risk of developing asthma, rhinitis, and eczema in children. Our results support the hypothesis that childhood allergic diseases originate in fetal life and are triggered by traffic-related air pollution in sensitive trimesters.
Authors: Sonali Bose; Yueh-Hsiu Mathilda Chiu; Hsiao-Hsien Leon Hsu; Qian Di; Maria José Rosa; Alison Lee; Itai Kloog; Ander Wilson; Joel Schwartz; Robert O Wright; Sheldon Cohen; Brent A Coull; Rosalind J Wright Journal: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Date: 2017-12-01 Impact factor: 21.405
Authors: Maria José Rosa; Allan C Just; Itai Kloog; Ivan Pantic; Lourdes Schnaas; Alison Lee; Sonali Bose; Yueh-Hsiu Mathilda Chiu; Hsiao-Hsien Leon Hsu; Brent Coull; Joel Schwartz; Sheldon Cohen; Martha María Téllez Rojo; Robert O Wright; Rosalind J Wright Journal: Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol Date: 2017-07-27 Impact factor: 6.347
Authors: Sonali Bose; Maria José Rosa; Yueh-Hsiu Mathilda Chiu; Hsiao-Hsien Leon Hsu; Qian Di; Alison Lee; Itai Kloog; Ander Wilson; Joel Schwartz; Robert O Wright; Wayne J Morgan; Brent A Coull; Rosalind J Wright Journal: Environ Res Date: 2018-08-16 Impact factor: 6.498