Srinivas Marmamula1, Rohit C Khanna1, Gullapalli N Rao2. 1. Allen Foster Community Eye Health Research Centre, Gullapalli Pratibha Rao-International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye care, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India; Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India; School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2033, Australia. 2. Allen Foster Community Eye Health Research Centre, Gullapalli Pratibha Rao-International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye care, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India.
Abstract
AIM: To report the prevalence and causes of unilateral visual impairment (UVI) in rural population of all ages in rural Andhra Pradesh, India. METHODS: A population-based cross sectional study using a multi-stage cluster sampling methodology was carried out in West Godavari, Adilabad and Mahbubnagar districts in south India. A comprehensive eye examination that included presenting and best corrected visual acuity and dilated fundus examination was conducted by trained professionals. UVI is defined as presenting visual acuity <6/18 in one eye but ≥6/18 in other eye. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to test association of UVI with socio-demographic risk factors. RESULTS: Data were analyzed for 6634/7771 participants after excluding those with bilateral visual impairment. The mean age of the participants was 27.4y (standard deviation: 17.9y), 51.9% were women and 49.1% were educated. The prevalence of UVI was 7.8% (95% CI: 7.2%-8.5%). Uncorrected refractive error (60.8%), cataract (17.4%) and retinal causes (6.6%) were the leading causes of UVI. On multiple logistic regression analyses, older age, not having education, living in well-off district had significantly higher odds of being associated with UVI. UVI was not associated with gender. CONCLUSION: UVI is common in rural south India. Most of it is due to cataract and refractive errors, both of which can be addressed at primary and secondary levels of eye care. Burden of UVI should also be considered in planning eye care services.
AIM: To report the prevalence and causes of unilateral visual impairment (UVI) in rural population of all ages in rural Andhra Pradesh, India. METHODS: A population-based cross sectional study using a multi-stage cluster sampling methodology was carried out in West Godavari, Adilabad and Mahbubnagar districts in south India. A comprehensive eye examination that included presenting and best corrected visual acuity and dilated fundus examination was conducted by trained professionals. UVI is defined as presenting visual acuity <6/18 in one eye but ≥6/18 in other eye. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to test association of UVI with socio-demographic risk factors. RESULTS: Data were analyzed for 6634/7771 participants after excluding those with bilateral visual impairment. The mean age of the participants was 27.4y (standard deviation: 17.9y), 51.9% were women and 49.1% were educated. The prevalence of UVI was 7.8% (95% CI: 7.2%-8.5%). Uncorrected refractive error (60.8%), cataract (17.4%) and retinal causes (6.6%) were the leading causes of UVI. On multiple logistic regression analyses, older age, not having education, living in well-off district had significantly higher odds of being associated with UVI. UVI was not associated with gender. CONCLUSION: UVI is common in rural south India. Most of it is due to cataract and refractive errors, both of which can be addressed at primary and secondary levels of eye care. Burden of UVI should also be considered in planning eye care services.
Authors: Anna C S Tan; Wan Ting Tay; Ying Feng Zheng; Ava Grace Tan; Jie Jin Wang; Paul Mitchell; Tien Yin Wong; Ecosse Luc Lamoureux Journal: Br J Ophthalmol Date: 2012-03-09 Impact factor: 4.638
Authors: Gretchen A Stevens; Richard A White; Seth R Flaxman; Holly Price; Jost B Jonas; Jill Keeffe; Janet Leasher; Kovin Naidoo; Konrad Pesudovs; Serge Resnikoff; Hugh Taylor; Rupert R A Bourne Journal: Ophthalmology Date: 2013-07-10 Impact factor: 12.079
Authors: Simon Arunga; Guyguy M Kintoki; Stephen Gichuhi; John Onyango; Bosco Ayebazibwe; Rob Newton; Astrid Leck; David Macleod; Victor H Hu; Matthew J Burton Journal: Ophthalmic Epidemiol Date: 2019-10-22 Impact factor: 1.648
Authors: Simon Arunga; Guyguy M Kintoki; James Mwesigye; Bosco Ayebazibwe; John Onyango; Joel Bazira; Rob Newton; Stephen Gichuhi; Astrid Leck; David Macleod; Victor H Hu; Matthew J Burton Journal: Ophthalmic Epidemiol Date: 2019-12-12 Impact factor: 1.648
Authors: Simon Arunga; Naome Kyomugasho; Teddy Kwaga; John Onyango; Astrid Leck; David Macleod; Victor Hu; Matthew Burton Journal: Wellcome Open Res Date: 2019-09-24