A Firooz1,2, A Rajabi-Estarabadi1, H Zartab1, N Pazhohi1, F Fanian1, L Janani2. 1. Center for Research & Training in Skin Diseases & Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2. Clinical Trial Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The more recent use of ultrasound scanning allows a direct measurement on unmodified skin, and is considered to be a reliable method for in vivo measurement of epidermal and dermal thickness. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of gender and age on the thickness and echo-density of skin measured by high frequency ultrasonography (HFUS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was carried out on 30 healthy volunteers (17 female, 13 male) with age range of 24-61 years old. The thickness and echo-density of dermis as well as epidermal entrance echo thickness in five anatomic sites (cheek, neck, palm, dorsal foot, and sole) were measured using two different types of B mode HFUS, 22 and 50 MHz frequencies. RESULTS: The epidermal entrance echo thickness and thickness of dermis in males were higher than females, which was statistically significant on neck and dorsum of foot. The echo-density of dermis was higher in females on all sites, but was only statistically significant on neck. The epidermal entrance echo thickness and thickness of dermis in young age group was statistically higher than old group on sole and dorsal of the foot respectively. Overall, the skin thickness decreased with age. CONCLUSION: High frequency ultrasonography method provides a simple non-invasive method for evaluating the skin thickness and echo-density. Gender and age have significant effect on these parameters. Differences in study method, population, and body site likely account for different results previously reported.
BACKGROUND: The more recent use of ultrasound scanning allows a direct measurement on unmodified skin, and is considered to be a reliable method for in vivo measurement of epidermal and dermal thickness. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of gender and age on the thickness and echo-density of skin measured by high frequency ultrasonography (HFUS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was carried out on 30 healthy volunteers (17 female, 13 male) with age range of 24-61 years old. The thickness and echo-density of dermis as well as epidermal entrance echo thickness in five anatomic sites (cheek, neck, palm, dorsal foot, and sole) were measured using two different types of B mode HFUS, 22 and 50 MHz frequencies. RESULTS: The epidermal entrance echo thickness and thickness of dermis in males were higher than females, which was statistically significant on neck and dorsum of foot. The echo-density of dermis was higher in females on all sites, but was only statistically significant on neck. The epidermal entrance echo thickness and thickness of dermis in young age group was statistically higher than old group on sole and dorsal of the foot respectively. Overall, the skin thickness decreased with age. CONCLUSION: High frequency ultrasonography method provides a simple non-invasive method for evaluating the skin thickness and echo-density. Gender and age have significant effect on these parameters. Differences in study method, population, and body site likely account for different results previously reported.
Authors: Giordana Zanna; Eric Zini; Fabia Scarampella; Anna Attanasi; Silvana Arrighi; Edoardo Auriemma Journal: Can J Vet Res Date: 2017-10 Impact factor: 1.310
Authors: Feline E Dijkgraaf; Mireille Toebes; Mark Hoogenboezem; Marjolijn Mertz; David W Vredevoogd; Tiago R Matos; Marcel B M Teunissen; Rosalie M Luiten; Ton N Schumacher Journal: Nat Protoc Date: 2020-12-21 Impact factor: 13.491
Authors: Jan M Mühlen; Julie Stang; Esben Lykke Skovgaard; Pedro B Judice; Pablo Molina-Garcia; William Johnston; Luís B Sardinha; Francisco B Ortega; Brian Caulfield; Wilhelm Bloch; Sulin Cheng; Ulf Ekelund; Jan Christian Brønd; Anders Grøntved; Moritz Schumann Journal: Br J Sports Med Date: 2021-01-04 Impact factor: 13.800