Diane Orr Chlebowy1, Nancy Kubiak2, John Myers2, Anna Jorayeva3. 1. School of Nursing, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA. dochle01@louisville.edu. 2. School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA. 3. School of Nursing, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the relationships of demographic characteristics with diabetes biomarkers and physical activity adherence in African American adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: Data for this secondary analysis were collected in a controlled trial conducted at an ambulatory internal medicine clinic located in a mid-sized metropolitan area in the southeastern USA. Demographic information was obtained at baseline for all participants receiving a motivational interviewing intervention. Diabetes biomarkers and physical activity adherence were measured at baseline and 3-month follow-up. RESULTS: Being female, older, and having a higher education significantly predicted a decrease in serum glucose over time. Being female and older significantly predicted a slower decrease in body mass index over time. Being younger and more educated significantly predicted probability of improved physical activity adherence. CONCLUSION: Although older African American women had a significant decrease in serum glucose over time, they experienced a slower decrease in their body mass indices and were less likely to adhere to physical activity recommendations. Specific attention should be paid to the demographic characteristics of African Americans with type 2 diabetes mellitus in order to promote optimal clinical outcomes in this vulnerable population. This approach to treatment planning opens a window into the micro-level processes by which social determinants lead to a better response to treatment.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the relationships of demographic characteristics with diabetes biomarkers and physical activity adherence in African American adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: Data for this secondary analysis were collected in a controlled trial conducted at an ambulatory internal medicine clinic located in a mid-sized metropolitan area in the southeastern USA. Demographic information was obtained at baseline for all participants receiving a motivational interviewing intervention. Diabetes biomarkers and physical activity adherence were measured at baseline and 3-month follow-up. RESULTS: Being female, older, and having a higher education significantly predicted a decrease in serum glucose over time. Being female and older significantly predicted a slower decrease in body mass index over time. Being younger and more educated significantly predicted probability of improved physical activity adherence. CONCLUSION: Although older African American women had a significant decrease in serum glucose over time, they experienced a slower decrease in their body mass indices and were less likely to adhere to physical activity recommendations. Specific attention should be paid to the demographic characteristics of African Americans with type 2 diabetes mellitus in order to promote optimal clinical outcomes in this vulnerable population. This approach to treatment planning opens a window into the micro-level processes by which social determinants lead to a better response to treatment.
Authors: Diane Orr Chlebowy; Peggy El-Mallakh; John Myers; Nancy Kubiak; Richard Cloud; Mary Patricia Wall Journal: West J Nurs Res Date: 2014-04-14 Impact factor: 1.967