Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells and 5'adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase in the inflammatory response: a potential therapeutic target.

INTRODUCTION: The events in the cellular and molecular signaling triggered during inflammation mitigate tissue healing. The metabolic check-point control mediated by 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is crucial for switching the cells into an activated state capable of mediating inflammatory events. The cell metabolism involved in the inflammatory response represents a potential therapeutic target for the pharmacologic management of inflammation. Areas covered: In this article, a critical review is presented on triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell (TREM) receptors and their role in the inflammatory responses, as well as homeostasis between different TREM molecules and their regulation. Additionally, we discussed the relationship between TREM and AMPK to identify novel targets to limit the inflammatory response. Literature search was carried out from the National Library of Medicine's Medline database (using PubMed as the search engine) and Google Scholar and identified relevant studies up to 30 March 2016 using inflammation, TREM, AMPK, as the key words. Expert commentary: The prevention of phenotype switching of immune cells during inflammation by targeting AMPK and TREM-1 could be beneficial for developing novel management strategies for inflammation and associated complications.