Masanari Watanabe1, Hisashi Noma2, Jun Kurai3, Hiroyuki Sano4, Degejirihu Hantan3, Masaru Ueki5, Hiroya Kitano6, Eiji Shimizu3. 1. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tottori University Hospital, Yonago, Japan. Electronic address: watanabm@grape.med.tottori-u.ac.jp. 2. Department of Data Science, The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Tokyo, Japan. 3. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tottori University Hospital, Yonago, Japan. 4. Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Japan. 5. Center for Promoting Next-Generation Highly Advanced Medicine, Tottori University Hospital, Yonago, Japan. 6. The Board of Directors, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The relationship between airborne particulate matter (PM) and pulmonary function in children has not been consistent among studies, potentially owing to differences in the inflammatory response to PM, based on PM types and sources. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of airborne PM on pulmonary function in schoolchildren and its potential for an inflammatory response. METHODS: Daily morning peak expiratory flow (PEF) was measured in 339 schoolchildren in February 2015. Interleukin (IL)-8 production was assessed in THP1 cells stimulated by airborne PM collected every day during the study period, and these IL-8 concentrations are described as the daily IL-8 levels. A linear mixed model was used to estimate the association between PEF values and the daily levels of suspended PM (SPM), PM diameters smaller than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), and IL-8. RESULTS: The daily IL-8 levels were significantly associated with those of SPM and PM2.5. A 0.83 μg/mL increase in IL-8 levels was significantly associated with a -1.07 L/min (95% confidence interval, -2.05 to -0.08) decrease in PEF. A 12.0 μg/m3 increase in SPM and a 10.0 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 were associated with a -1.36 L/min (-2.93 to 0.22) and -1.72 L/min (-3.82 to 0.36) decreases in PEF, respectively. There were no significant relationships between PEF, SPM, and PM2.5. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the effects of airborne PM on pulmonary function in schoolchildren might depend more on the pro-inflammatory response than the mass concentration of the PM.
BACKGROUND: The relationship between airborne particulate matter (PM) and pulmonary function in children has not been consistent among studies, potentially owing to differences in the inflammatory response to PM, based on PM types and sources. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of airborne PM on pulmonary function in schoolchildren and its potential for an inflammatory response. METHODS: Daily morning peak expiratory flow (PEF) was measured in 339 schoolchildren in February 2015. Interleukin (IL)-8 production was assessed in THP1 cells stimulated by airborne PM collected every day during the study period, and these IL-8 concentrations are described as the daily IL-8 levels. A linear mixed model was used to estimate the association between PEF values and the daily levels of suspended PM (SPM), PM diameters smaller than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), and IL-8. RESULTS: The daily IL-8 levels were significantly associated with those of SPM and PM2.5. A 0.83 μg/mL increase in IL-8 levels was significantly associated with a -1.07 L/min (95% confidence interval, -2.05 to -0.08) decrease in PEF. A 12.0 μg/m3 increase in SPM and a 10.0 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 were associated with a -1.36 L/min (-2.93 to 0.22) and -1.72 L/min (-3.82 to 0.36) decreases in PEF, respectively. There were no significant relationships between PEF, SPM, and PM2.5. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the effects of airborne PM on pulmonary function in schoolchildren might depend more on the pro-inflammatory response than the mass concentration of the PM.
Authors: Masanari Watanabe; Hisashi Noma; Jun Kurai; Hiroyuki Sano; Degejirihu Hantan; Masaru Ueki; Hiroya Kitano; Eiji Shimizu Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2016-09-30 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Masanari Watanabe; Hisashi Noma; Jun Kurai; Hiroyuki Sano; Kyoko Iwata; Degejirihu Hantan; Yuji Tohda; Eiji Shimizu Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2017-03-13 Impact factor: 3.390