Duy Pham Thanh1, Ha Thanh Tuyen1, To Nguyen Thi Nguyen1, Hao Chung The1, Ryan R Wick2, Guy E Thwaites3, Stephen Baker4, Kathryn E Holt2. 1. The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. 2. Centre for Systems Genomics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. 3. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Oxford University, Oxford, UK. 4. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Oxford University, Oxford, UK The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK sbaker@oucru.org.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to assess the presence of mcr-1 in Shigella sonnei isolated in Vietnam. METHODS: WGS data were analysed for the presence of the mcr-1 gene sequence. The association of mcr-1 with a plasmid was assessed by PCR and by conjugation. RESULTS: Through genome sequencing we identified a plasmid-associated inactive form of mcr-1 in a 2008 Vietnamese isolate of Shigella sonnei. The plasmid was conjugated into Escherichia coli and mcr-1 was activated upon exposure to colistin, resulting in highly colistin-resistant transconjugants. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first description of the mcr-1 gene in Shigella, which is atypical given that colistin is not ordinarily used to treat diarrhoea. Our data suggest the mcr-1 gene has been circulating in human-restricted pathogens for some time but likely carries a selective fitness cost.
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to assess the presence of mcr-1 in Shigella sonnei isolated in Vietnam. METHODS: WGS data were analysed for the presence of the mcr-1 gene sequence. The association of mcr-1 with a plasmid was assessed by PCR and by conjugation. RESULTS: Through genome sequencing we identified a plasmid-associated inactive form of mcr-1 in a 2008 Vietnamese isolate of Shigella sonnei. The plasmid was conjugated into Escherichia coli and mcr-1 was activated upon exposure to colistin, resulting in highly colistin-resistant transconjugants. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first description of the mcr-1 gene in Shigella, which is atypical given that colistin is not ordinarily used to treat diarrhoea. Our data suggest the mcr-1 gene has been circulating in human-restricted pathogens for some time but likely carries a selective fitness cost.
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