BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection is a global public health problem, but, so far, there is no published information regarding the epidemiology of HIV-1 in Marajó Archipelago (Pará, Brazil). AIM: The present study reports the occurrence of infection by HIV-1 in four municipalities of the Marajó Island, Pará, Brazil. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 1877 samples were collected from volunteer blood donors (1296 women and 551 men) living in the municipalities of Anajás, Chaves, Portel and São Sebastião da Boa Vista. Information about risk behaviour assessment was obtained from a questionnaire. Plasma samples were tested for the presence of anti-HIV antibodies using serological tests. The infection was confirmed by nucleic acid amplification assays. RESULTS: Twelve samples were seropositive for HIV by ELISA. Western blot analysis showed four positive samples, eight indeterminate patterns and one found to be negative. Molecular analysis revealed three positive samples. Risk factors for HIV-1 infection included absence of condoms during sexual intercourse (41.3%, São Sebastião da Boa Vista), use of illicit drugs (5.8%, Anajás) and early initiation of sexual activities, from 10-15 years (30.7%). CONCLUSION: Although the study indicates a low HIV-1 prevalence in Marajó Island, some factors may increase the risk for HIV-1 and these include early sexual initiation, unprotected sexual intercourse and the use of illicit drugs.
BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection is a global public health problem, but, so far, there is no published information regarding the epidemiology of HIV-1 in Marajó Archipelago (Pará, Brazil). AIM: The present study reports the occurrence of infection by HIV-1 in four municipalities of the Marajó Island, Pará, Brazil. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 1877 samples were collected from volunteer blood donors (1296 women and 551 men) living in the municipalities of Anajás, Chaves, Portel and São Sebastião da Boa Vista. Information about risk behaviour assessment was obtained from a questionnaire. Plasma samples were tested for the presence of anti-HIV antibodies using serological tests. The infection was confirmed by nucleic acid amplification assays. RESULTS: Twelve samples were seropositive for HIV by ELISA. Western blot analysis showed four positive samples, eight indeterminate patterns and one found to be negative. Molecular analysis revealed three positive samples. Risk factors for HIV-1 infection included absence of condoms during sexual intercourse (41.3%, São Sebastião da Boa Vista), use of illicit drugs (5.8%, Anajás) and early initiation of sexual activities, from 10-15 years (30.7%). CONCLUSION: Although the study indicates a low HIV-1 prevalence in Marajó Island, some factors may increase the risk for HIV-1 and these include early sexual initiation, unprotected sexual intercourse and the use of illicit drugs.
Authors: Ronaldo Lopes de Souza; Marcelo Victor Serejo Pereira; Rachel Macedo da Silva; João Bráullio de Luna Sales; Danilo Cesar Lima Gardunho; Jacqueline Cortinhas Monteiro; Leonardo Quintão Siravenha; Anderson Luiz Bessa da Luz; Ricardo Roberto de Souza Fonseca; Aldemir Branco Oliveira-Filho; Marluísa de Oliveira Guimarães Ishak; Ricardo Ishak; Luiz Fernando Almeida Machado Journal: Front Microbiol Date: 2020-11-11 Impact factor: 5.640
Authors: Luiz Fernando Almeida Machado; Ricardo Roberto de Souza Fonseca; Maria Alice Freitas Queiroz; Aldemir Branco Oliveira-Filho; Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres-Vallinoto; Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto; Marluísa de Oliveira Guimarães Ishak; Ricardo Ishak Journal: Viruses Date: 2021-05-07 Impact factor: 5.048
Authors: Samantha Assis de Aguiar; Samires Avelino de Souza França; Barbara Brasil Santana; Mike Barbosa Santos; Felipe Bonfim Freitas; Glenda Ferreira; Izaura Cayres-Vallinoto; Marluísa O G Ishak; Ricardo Ishak; Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto Journal: BMC Infect Dis Date: 2017-12-08 Impact factor: 3.090