Rodrigo DeAntonio1, Juan-Pablo Yarzabal2, James Philip Cruz3, Johannes E Schmidt2, Jos Kleijnen4. 1. GSK Vaccines, Ciudad del Saber, Panama. 2. GSK Vaccines, Wavre, Belgium. 3. GSK Vaccines, United Kingdom. 4. School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Kleijnen Systematic Reviews Ltd, York, United Kingdom. Electronic address: jos@systematic-reviews.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review examined the epidemiology of otitis media (OM) in children <6 years within 90 developing and newly industrialised countries. METHODS: Literature searches (1992-2011), based on MEDLINE, EMBASE, WHO, Index Medicus, country-specific websites, conferences, and the reference lists of included studies, yielded 11,413 records; 59 of 344 studies analysed were included in this review. RESULTS: The majority of the identified studies provided only a single timepoint for OM. In children <6 years of age, OM prevalence was found to be 9.2% in Nigeria, 10% in Egypt, 6.7% in China, 9.2% in India, 9.1% in Iran and 5.1-7.8% in Russia. Few studies examined the etiology of OM and the antibacterial resistance. The most common bacterial pathogens were S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and S. aureus. A high resistance to penicillin was reported in Nigeria and Turkey. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the variability between the identified studies, this review indicates that OM and its various sub-types remain a significant burden in different settings. However, the heterogeneity of studies and a general lack of reliable data made generalisation very difficult.
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review examined the epidemiology of otitis media (OM) in children <6 years within 90 developing and newly industrialised countries. METHODS: Literature searches (1992-2011), based on MEDLINE, EMBASE, WHO, Index Medicus, country-specific websites, conferences, and the reference lists of included studies, yielded 11,413 records; 59 of 344 studies analysed were included in this review. RESULTS: The majority of the identified studies provided only a single timepoint for OM. In children <6 years of age, OM prevalence was found to be 9.2% in Nigeria, 10% in Egypt, 6.7% in China, 9.2% in India, 9.1% in Iran and 5.1-7.8% in Russia. Few studies examined the etiology of OM and the antibacterial resistance. The most common bacterial pathogens were S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and S. aureus. A high resistance to penicillin was reported in Nigeria and Turkey. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the variability between the identified studies, this review indicates that OM and its various sub-types remain a significant burden in different settings. However, the heterogeneity of studies and a general lack of reliable data made generalisation very difficult.
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