| Literature DB >> 27222685 |
Brahim Bouaity1, Youssef Darouassi1, Mehdi Chihani1, Mohamed Mliha Touati1, Haddou Ammar1.
Abstract
Thyroid nodules are very common and less than 10% of them are malignant. They pose a serious diagnostic and therapeutic problem with respect to their benign or malignant nature. The study of some clinical and paraclinical factors for presumed malignancy makes it possible to codify appropriate therapeutic strategy. The aim of this study was to investigate predictors of malignancy in nodular goiters and to compare our results with those reported in the literature. This retrospective study consisted of 500 cases of nodular goiter operated in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ear, nose and throat or ENT) and Head and Neck Surgery at Avicenne military hospital in Marrakech between 2006 and 2012. The percentage of cancers was 6,8%. The average age of our patients was 46 years, with a sex-ratio of 5 (F/H). The hard nature of the nodule was present in 94,4% of the cases of cancer by palpation; irregular boundaries were present in 64.70% of the cases of cancer. Three nodules were fixed and malignant. Cervical lymphadenopathy were observed in 8 patients, 7 of which had cancer. Ultrasound examination showed hypoechoic appearance in 61,8% of the malignant nodules, with smooth-edges in 88,24% of the cases. Intranodular vascularization was found in 35,3% of the cases of cancers, with microcalcifications in 55,9% of the cases. Perinodular hypoechoic halo was incomplete in 73,5% of the cases of cancer. Our patients were euthyroid in 84,6% of the cases. Predictors of malignancy in nodular goiters were present in our first clinical study: patients over the age of 60 years, hard consistency of nodule, fixity, irregular and poorly defined character by palpation, as well as presence of cervical adenopathy on examination; and echographic features: hypoechoic character, smooth-edges, presence of microcalcifications and visualization of intranodular vascularization with or without peri-nodular vascularization. Although some of these factors are highly predictive of malignancy, only final histology provides certainty of diagnosis. Clinicians should base their clinical practice and patient management on a body of clinical arguments.Entities:
Keywords: Nodular Goiter; malignancy; ultrasound
Mesh:
Year: 2016 PMID: 27222685 PMCID: PMC4867181 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2016.23.88.8405
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Pan Afr Med J
Corrélation entre la nature histologique et la consistance du nodule
| Lésions bénignes | Lésions malignes | Total | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| consistance | Effectif | 1 | 17 | 18 | |
| % | 5.6 | 94.4 | 100.0 | ||
| Effectif | 440 | 17 | 457 | ||
| % | 96.3 | 3.7 | 100.0 | ||
| Effectif | 25 | 0 | 25 | ||
| % | 100.0% | 0.0% | 100.0% | ||
| Total | Effectif | 466 | 34 | 500 | |
| % | 93.2% | 6.8% | 100.0% | ||
Corrélation entre la nature histologique et les limites des nodules
| limites | Total | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| régulières | % | irrégulières | % | ||
| 459 | 98,50 | 7 | 1,50 | 466 | |
| 12 | 35,30 | 22 | 64,70 | 34 | |
| 471 | 94,2 | 29 | 5,8 | 500 | |
Structures et caractéristiques des nodules en pourcentage
| Lésions bénignes n(%) | Lésions malignes n(%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Hypoéchogène (n = 261) | 240(91,95) | 21(8,05) |
| Anéchogène (n = 62) | 60(96,77) | 2(3,22) |
| Hyperéchogène (n = 78) | 63(80,76) | 15(19,24) |
| Isoéchogène (n = 136) | 130(95,58) | 6(4,42) |
| Hétérogène (n = 327) | 301(92,04) | 26(7,96) |
| Présence de calcifications (n = 43) | 24(5,9) | 19(55,9) |
Corrélation entre type histologique et vascularisation intra nodulaire
| Pas de vascularisation | Vascularisation présente | Total | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nombre | % | Nombre | % | ||
| 460 | 98,71 | 6 | 1,29 | 466 | |
| 22 | 64,70 | 12 | 35,30 | 34 | |
| 482 | 96,4 | 18 | 3,62 | 500 | |