Hui-Jing Bai1, Jian-Qin Sun2,3,4, Min Chen1, Dan-Feng Xu1, Hua Xie1, Zhuo-Wei Yu3,4, Zhi-Jun Bao3,4, Jie Chen3,4, Yi-Ru Pan5, Da-Jiang Lu6, Sulin Cheng7. 1. Clinical Nutrition Center, Fudan University Affiliated Hua Dong Hospital, Shanghai, China. 2. Clinical Nutrition Center, Fudan University Affiliated Hua Dong Hospital, Shanghai, China. Email: Jianqins@gmail.com. 3. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, China. 4. Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. 5. Clinical laboratory, Fudan University Affiliated Hua Dong Hospital, Shanghai, China. 6. School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. 7. Department of Sport and Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of muscle mass and muscle function with age. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: The study including 415 participants (aged 60-99 years). Upper (UMM) and lower (LMM) limbs muscle mass and whole body fat free mass (FFM) were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. The appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) index (ASM/height2) was calculated. Muscle function was assessed by measuring hand grip strength (HGS) and gait speed. RESULTS: Using ASM index cutoff values we found that higher prevalence of sarcopenia in women than in men (33.5% vs 23.6%, p=0.025). In the upper limb, HGS (β=-0.809) declined more rapidly with age than did UMM (β=-0.592) in men, but not in women (β=-0.389 and β=-0.486 respectively). In the lower limb, gait speed declined more rapidly than LMM in both men (β=-0.683 vs β=-0.442) and women (β=-1.00 vs β=-0.461). The variance of UMM explained 28-29% of the variance of HGS, and LMM explained 7-8% of the variance of gait speed in women and men respectively. In addition to the common predictors (BMI and age), the specific predictors were smoking, exercise and education for FFM and ASM, and smoking, drinking and exercise for HGS (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Loss of muscle function is greater than the decline of muscle mass particularly in the upper limbs in men. However, women are more prone to have low muscle mass than the men. Exercise programs need to be designed gender specifically.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of muscle mass and muscle function with age. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: The study including 415 participants (aged 60-99 years). Upper (UMM) and lower (LMM) limbs muscle mass and whole body fat free mass (FFM) were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. The appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) index (ASM/height2) was calculated. Muscle function was assessed by measuring hand grip strength (HGS) and gait speed. RESULTS: Using ASM index cutoff values we found that higher prevalence of sarcopenia in women than in men (33.5% vs 23.6%, p=0.025). In the upper limb, HGS (β=-0.809) declined more rapidly with age than did UMM (β=-0.592) in men, but not in women (β=-0.389 and β=-0.486 respectively). In the lower limb, gait speed declined more rapidly than LMM in both men (β=-0.683 vs β=-0.442) and women (β=-1.00 vs β=-0.461). The variance of UMM explained 28-29% of the variance of HGS, and LMM explained 7-8% of the variance of gait speed in women and men respectively. In addition to the common predictors (BMI and age), the specific predictors were smoking, exercise and education for FFM and ASM, and smoking, drinking and exercise for HGS (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Loss of muscle function is greater than the decline of muscle mass particularly in the upper limbs in men. However, women are more prone to have low muscle mass than the men. Exercise programs need to be designed gender specifically.
Authors: Carla M Prado; Sarah A Purcell; Carolyn Alish; Suzette L Pereira; Nicolaas E Deutz; Daren K Heyland; Bret H Goodpaster; Kelly A Tappenden; Steven B Heymsfield Journal: Ann Med Date: 2018-09-12 Impact factor: 4.709
Authors: María Esther Rubio-Ruiz; Verónica Guarner-Lans; Israel Pérez-Torres; María Elena Soto Journal: Int J Mol Sci Date: 2019-02-02 Impact factor: 5.923