Short Communication: The Impact of Switching from Atripla to Darunavir/Ritonavir Monotherapy on Neurocognition, Quality of Life, and Sleep: Results from a Randomized Controlled Study.

We investigated whether a treatment switch from Atripla® (tenofovir, emtricitabine, and efavirenz) to DRV/r monotherapy may improve neuropsychological performance, health-related quality of life, and sleep function. Virologically suppressed subjects and asymptomatic on Atripla for ≥6 months were randomized 1:1 to continue Atripla or switch to boosted darunavir (DRV/r) 800/100 mg once daily for 48 weeks. Neurocognitive tests, the International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS), Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey (MOS-HIV), EQ-5D-3L, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were completed at baseline and at week 48. Sleep function was evaluated at week 48. Twenty-six patients on DRV/r and 31 on Atripla completed the 48-week study. No significant difference in the change in scores from week 0 to week 48 between the two arms was observed in neurocognitive outcomes, IHDS, health outcomes (EQ-5D-3L and QOL), and HADS score. By contrast, the HADS score and sleep quality were both significantly better in the DRV/r arm. In conclusion, switching to DRV/r monotherapy did not affect neurocognitive function or quality of life but improved anxiety, and sleep quality was significantly better than in continued Atripla.