Environmentally-specified patterns of movement coordination in normal and split-brain subjects.

Rhythmic movement patterns between the hands in response to environmental signals are studied in normal (musicians and nonmusicians) and split-brain subjects. Only two phase-locked states - in-phase and anti-phase - are shown to be stable for all subjects. Split-brain subjects show an even greater attraction to these patterns, thus providing no support for the notion that reduced cortical interaction between the hemispheres allows for independent visuomotor control of the hands in such tasks. Moreover, differences in trajectories produced by normal individuals and those without an intact corpus callosum are remarkable. The resultant patterns of coordination afford 1) a generalization of previous results on intrisincally generated rhythmic behavior to environmentally-specified movement patterns; and 2) a discussion of neural mechanisms underlying stable phase relations.