Collaborative Development and Results of a Nigerian Trauma Registry.

BACKGROUND: More than 90% of injury-related deaths and disabilities occur in low- and middle-income countries. The development of the Nigerian Trauma Registry (NTR) and the first descriptive data analysis of the patient characteristics, mechanisms of injury, injury severity, and treatments are reported.
METHODS: Existing data collection tools were modified to capture a minimum data set of variables reflective of the trauma experience in Nigeria. Data are collected using the secure, Web-based application, REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture).
RESULTS: Two hospitals entered 564 patients into the registry. Motor vehicle accidents were the most frequently reported trauma (69.2%). Of the 51 fall injuries, 82% were from buildings. There were 229 mass casualties, including bus accidents (41.5%), bombings or blasts (28.8%), multiple vehicle accidents (23.6%), fires (3.1%), and civil conflicts or riots (3.1%). External soft tissue was the most commonly reported injury region followed by extremities, head and neck, face, abdomen, and thorax/spine. Only 18.1% of patients arrived by ambulance. There were 19 recorded in-hospital deaths and 79.0% of these were due to motor vehicle accidents.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest report of injury surveillance in this country. These data are essential to inform policy makers about the increasing trauma burden and provide a strong advocacy tool, prevention opportunities, provisions for unmet capacity needs, and better allocation of limited health care resources. The NTR has demonstrated that development and implementation of an electronic trauma registry is feasible in low- and middle-income countries. The NTR evolved through international collaborations that included a partnership with an American epidemiologist and 2 Nigerian hospitals that contributed their individual and institutional capabilities. Local champions are required to drive the initiation and implementation of registries.