SnAP-eX Reagents for the Synthesis of Exocyclic 3-Amino- and 3-Alkoxypyrrolidines and Piperidines from Aldehydes.

SnAP-eX (tin amine protocol, exocyclic heteroatoms) reagents allow the single-step transformation of aldehydes and ketones into 2,3-disubstituted pyrrolidines and piperidines containing exocyclic amine or alkoxy groups. These saturated N-heterocycles are of importance in modern drug discovery approaches and are prepared in moderate yields using an operationally simple protocol that is compatible with a range of functional groups and heterocyclic aldehydes.