[Anesthetic Management with Dexmedetomidine in Patients with Serious Mental and Physical Disabilities Undergoing Dental Treatment].

Midazolam and propofol are widely used for the sedation of patients with serious mental and physical disabilities. However, we often experience difficulty in the management of airway and respiratory depression when using these sedatives. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is being increasingly used as a sedative because of the lack of associated respiratory depression. Here we report anesthetic management with DEX in two patients with disability undergoing dental treatment To avoid movement during treatment, DEX was infused at the rate recommended in the package insert, with an initial administration at 6 μg x kg(-1) x hr(-1) for 10 min followed by maintenance infusion at 0.7 μg x kg(-1) x hr(-1). Although the infusion rate seemed to be sufficient for the patients, DEX was not effective and administration of additional sedatives was required. Further, respiratory depression, such as airway obstruction and increase in the concentration of end-tidal carbon dioxide, was observed even when DEX was used as the sole agent for inducing sedation. No remarkable change in hemodynamics was observed. Therefore, it is difficult to maintain the sedative state using DEX alone in patients with serious mental and physical disabilities in comparison with patients with no disability.