Robert M Chapman1, Margaret N Gardner2, Mark Mapstone3, Rafael Klorman4, Anton P Porsteinsson5, Haley M Dupree2, Inga M Antonsdottir2, Lily Kamalyan2. 1. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and Center for Visual Science at the University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, United States. Electronic address: rmc@cvs.rochester.edu. 2. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and Center for Visual Science at the University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, United States. 3. Department of Neurology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States. 4. Department of Clinical and Social Sciences in Psychology at the University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, United States. 5. Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine how aging and dementia affect the brain's initial storing of task-relevant and irrelevant information in short-term memory. METHODS: We used brain Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) to measure short-term memory storage (ERP component C250) in 36 Young Adults, 36 Normal Elderly, and 36 early-stage AD subjects. Participants performed the Number-Letter task, a cognitive paradigm requiring memory storage of a first relevant stimulus to compare it with a second stimulus. RESULTS: In Young Adults, C250 was more positive for the first task-relevant stimulus compared to all other stimuli. C250 in Normal Elderly and AD subjects was roughly the same to relevant and irrelevant stimuli in Intratrial Parts 1-3 but not 4. The AD group had lower C250 to relevant stimuli in part 1. CONCLUSIONS: Both normal aging and dementia cause less differentiation of relevant from irrelevant information in initial storage. There was a large aging effect involving differences in the pattern of C250 responses of the Young Adult versus the Normal Elderly/AD groups. Also, a potential dementia effect was obtained. SIGNIFICANCE: C250 is a candidate tool for measuring short-term memory performance on a biological level, as well as a potential marker for memory changes due to normal aging and dementia.
OBJECTIVE: To determine how aging and dementia affect the brain's initial storing of task-relevant and irrelevant information in short-term memory. METHODS: We used brain Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) to measure short-term memory storage (ERP component C250) in 36 Young Adults, 36 Normal Elderly, and 36 early-stage AD subjects. Participants performed the Number-Letter task, a cognitive paradigm requiring memory storage of a first relevant stimulus to compare it with a second stimulus. RESULTS: In Young Adults, C250 was more positive for the first task-relevant stimulus compared to all other stimuli. C250 in Normal Elderly and AD subjects was roughly the same to relevant and irrelevant stimuli in Intratrial Parts 1-3 but not 4. The AD group had lower C250 to relevant stimuli in part 1. CONCLUSIONS: Both normal aging and dementia cause less differentiation of relevant from irrelevant information in initial storage. There was a large aging effect involving differences in the pattern of C250 responses of the Young Adult versus the Normal Elderly/AD groups. Also, a potential dementia effect was obtained. SIGNIFICANCE: C250 is a candidate tool for measuring short-term memory performance on a biological level, as well as a potential marker for memory changes due to normal aging and dementia.
Authors: Robert M Chapman; Geoffrey H Nowlis; John W McCrary; John A Chapman; Tiffany C Sandoval; Maria D Guillily; Margaret N Gardner; Lindsey A Reilly Journal: Neurobiol Aging Date: 2006-01-20 Impact factor: 4.673
Authors: Adam Gazzaley; Wesley Clapp; Jon Kelley; Kevin McEvoy; Robert T Knight; Mark D'Esposito Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2008-09-02 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Robert M Chapman; Anton P Porsteinsson; Margaret N Gardner; Mark Mapstone; John W McCrary; Tiffany C Sandoval; Maria D Guillily; Elizabeth DeGrush; Lindsey A Reilly Journal: J Alzheimers Dis Date: 2013 Impact factor: 4.472
Authors: Robert M Chapman; Margaret N Gardner; Rafael Klorman; Mark Mapstone; Anton P Porsteinsson; Inga M Antonsdottir; Lily Kamalyan Journal: Alzheimers Dement (Amst) Date: 2018-08-30