Tawanda Muzhingi1,2, Natalia Palacios-Rojas3, Alejandra Miranda3, Maria L Cabrera3, Kyung-J Yeum2,4, Guangwen Tang1,2. 1. Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111, USA. 2. Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA. 3. Global Maize Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), CIMMYT Research Station, Km. 45 Carretera Mexico-Veracruz, El Batan, Texcoco, 56130, 00174, Mexico. 4. Division of Food Bioscience, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Glocal Campus, Chungju-Si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 380-701, South Korea.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Biofortified maize is not only a good vehicle for provitamin A carotenoids for vitamin A deficient populations in developing countries but also a source of vitamin E, tocochromanols and phenolic compounds, which have antioxidant properties. Using high-performance liquid chromatography and a total antioxidant performance assay, the present study analyzed the antioxidant variation and antioxidant activity of 36 provitamin A improved maize hybrids and one common yellow maize hybrid. RESULTS: The ranges of major carotenoids in provitamin A carotenoids biofortified maize were zeaxanthin [1.2-13.2 µg g-1 dry weight (DW)], β-cryptoxanthin (1.3-8.8 µg g-1 DW) and β-carotene (1.3-8.0 µg g-1 DW). The ranges of vitamin E compounds identified in provitamin A carotenoids biofortified maize were α-tocopherol (3.4-34.3 µg g-1 DW), γ-tocopherol (5.9-54.4 µg g-1 DW), α-tocotrienol (2.6-19.5 µg g-1 DW) and γ-tocotrienol (45.4 µg g-1 DW). The ranges of phenolic compounds were γ-oryzanol (0.0-0.8 mg g-1 DW), ferulic acid (0.4-3.6 mg g-1 DW) and p-coumaric acid (0.1-0.45 mg g-1 DW). There was significant correlation between α-tocopherol and cis isomers of β-carotene (P < 0.01). Tocotrienols were correlated with α-tocopherol and γ-oryzanol (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Genotype was significant in determining the variation in β-cryptoxanthin, β-carotene, α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol contents (P < 0.01). A genotype × environment interaction was observed for γ-tocopherol content (P < 0.01).
BACKGROUND: Biofortified maize is not only a good vehicle for provitamin Acarotenoids for vitamin A deficient populations in developing countries but also a source of vitamin E, tocochromanols and phenolic compounds, which have antioxidant properties. Using high-performance liquid chromatography and a total antioxidant performance assay, the present study analyzed the antioxidant variation and antioxidant activity of 36 provitamin A improved maize hybrids and one common yellow maize hybrid. RESULTS: The ranges of major carotenoids in provitamin Acarotenoids biofortified maize were zeaxanthin [1.2-13.2 µg g-1 dry weight (DW)], β-cryptoxanthin (1.3-8.8 µg g-1 DW) and β-carotene (1.3-8.0 µg g-1 DW). The ranges of vitamin E compounds identified in provitamin Acarotenoids biofortified maize were α-tocopherol (3.4-34.3 µg g-1 DW), γ-tocopherol (5.9-54.4 µg g-1 DW), α-tocotrienol (2.6-19.5 µg g-1 DW) and γ-tocotrienol (45.4 µg g-1 DW). The ranges of phenolic compounds were γ-oryzanol (0.0-0.8 mg g-1 DW), ferulic acid (0.4-3.6 mg g-1 DW) and p-coumaric acid (0.1-0.45 mg g-1 DW). There was significant correlation between α-tocopherol and cis isomers of β-carotene (P < 0.01). Tocotrienols were correlated with α-tocopherol and γ-oryzanol (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Genotype was significant in determining the variation in β-cryptoxanthin, β-carotene, α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol contents (P < 0.01). A genotype × environment interaction was observed for γ-tocopherol content (P < 0.01).
Authors: Pedro Revilla; Mara Lisa Alves; Violeta Andelković; Carlotta Balconi; Isabel Dinis; Pedro Mendes-Moreira; Rita Redaelli; Jose Ignacio Ruiz de Galarreta; Maria Carlota Vaz Patto; Sladana Žilić; Rosa Ana Malvar Journal: Front Nutr Date: 2022-01-07
Authors: Boddupalli M Prasanna; Natalia Palacios-Rojas; Firoz Hossain; Vignesh Muthusamy; Abebe Menkir; Thanda Dhliwayo; Thokozile Ndhlela; Felix San Vicente; Sudha K Nair; Bindiganavile S Vivek; Xuecai Zhang; Mike Olsen; Xingming Fan Journal: Front Genet Date: 2020-02-21 Impact factor: 4.599