Jing Guo1,2,3, Ajax Hong Yin Lau2, Jack Chau2, Bobby Kin Wah Ng2,3,4, Kwong Man Lee2,3, Yong Qiu1,3, Jack Chun Yiu Cheng2,3,4, Tsz Ping Lam5,6,7. 1. Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China. 2. Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong. 3. The Joint Scoliosis Research Center of The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Hong Kong, China. 4. SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. 5. Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong. tplam@ort.cuhk.edu.hk. 6. The Joint Scoliosis Research Center of The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Hong Kong, China. tplam@ort.cuhk.edu.hk. 7. SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. tplam@ort.cuhk.edu.hk.
Abstract
PURPOSE: "Simplified Chinese" version of Spinal Appearance Questionnaire (SC-SAQ) for patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) was available but did not fit for communities using "Traditional Chinese" as their primary language. We developed a traditional Chinese version of SAQ (TC-SAQ) and evaluated its reliability and validity. METHODS: TC-SAQ was administered to 112 AIS patients, of which 101 bilingual (English and Chinese) patients completed E-SAQ and the traditional Chinese version of Scoliosis Research Society-22 questionnaire (TC-SRS-22). Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were evaluated. Concurrent validity was evaluated by comparing TC-SAQ score with E-SAQ score, and convergent validity by comparing TC-SAQ score with TC-SRS-22 self-image domain score, and discriminant validity by analyzing the relationship between TC-SAQ score and patients' characteristics. RESULTS: Internal consistency of individual TC-SAQ domain was high (Cronbach's α = 0.785 to 0.940), except for general (Cronbach's α = 0.665) and shoulders (Cronbach's α = 0.421) domain. Test-retest reliability of TC-SAQ was good (ICCs of each domain from 0.798 to 0.865). Concurrent validity demonstrated an excellent correlation between TC-SAQ and E-SAQ scores (r = 0.820 to 0.954, P < 0.0001 for all domains). Correlation between TC-SAQ domains and TC-SRS-22 self-image domain was weak to moderate. TC-SAQ total score and individual domain scores (except waist and chest domains) were positively correlated to major curve magnitude. CONCLUSIONS: TC-SAQ had good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Concurrent validity evaluated against the original English version was excellent. TC-SAQ was both reliable and valid for clinical use for AIS patients using traditional Chinese as their primary language.
PURPOSE: "Simplified Chinese" version of Spinal Appearance Questionnaire (SC-SAQ) for patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) was available but did not fit for communities using "Traditional Chinese" as their primary language. We developed a traditional Chinese version of SAQ (TC-SAQ) and evaluated its reliability and validity. METHODS:TC-SAQ was administered to 112 AIS patients, of which 101 bilingual (English and Chinese) patients completed E-SAQ and the traditional Chinese version of Scoliosis Research Society-22 questionnaire (TC-SRS-22). Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were evaluated. Concurrent validity was evaluated by comparing TC-SAQ score with E-SAQ score, and convergent validity by comparing TC-SAQ score with TC-SRS-22 self-image domain score, and discriminant validity by analyzing the relationship between TC-SAQ score and patients' characteristics. RESULTS: Internal consistency of individual TC-SAQ domain was high (Cronbach's α = 0.785 to 0.940), except for general (Cronbach's α = 0.665) and shoulders (Cronbach's α = 0.421) domain. Test-retest reliability of TC-SAQ was good (ICCs of each domain from 0.798 to 0.865). Concurrent validity demonstrated an excellent correlation between TC-SAQ and E-SAQ scores (r = 0.820 to 0.954, P < 0.0001 for all domains). Correlation between TC-SAQ domains and TC-SRS-22 self-image domain was weak to moderate. TC-SAQ total score and individual domain scores (except waist and chest domains) were positively correlated to major curve magnitude. CONCLUSIONS:TC-SAQ had good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Concurrent validity evaluated against the original English version was excellent. TC-SAQ was both reliable and valid for clinical use for AIS patients using traditional Chinese as their primary language.
Entities:
Keywords:
Psychometric properties; Scoliosis; Spinal Appearance Questionnaire; Traditional Chinese version
Authors: Caroline B Terwee; Sandra D M Bot; Michael R de Boer; Daniëlle A W M van der Windt; Dirk L Knol; Joost Dekker; Lex M Bouter; Henrica C W de Vet Journal: J Clin Epidemiol Date: 2006-08-24 Impact factor: 6.437
Authors: Leah Y Carreon; James O Sanders; David W Polly; Daniel J Sucato; Stefan Parent; Marjolaine Roy-Beaudry; Jeffrey Hopkins; Anna McClung; Kelly R Bratcher; Beverly E Diamond Journal: Spine (Phila Pa 1976) Date: 2011-08-15 Impact factor: 3.468
Authors: Mary Jane Mulcahey; Ross S Chafetz; Anna Marie Santangelo; Kimberly Costello; Lisa A Merenda; Christina Calhoun; Amer F Samdani; Randal R Betz Journal: J Pediatr Orthop Date: 2011-09 Impact factor: 2.324
Authors: Patricia L Smith; Sandra Donaldson; Douglas Hedden; Benjamin Alman; Andrew Howard; Derek Stephens; James G Wright Journal: Spine (Phila Pa 1976) Date: 2006-09-15 Impact factor: 3.468
Authors: Andrew Howard; Sandra Donaldson; Douglas Hedden; Derek Stephens; Benjamin Alman; James Wright Journal: Spine (Phila Pa 1976) Date: 2007-11-15 Impact factor: 3.468
Authors: James O Sanders; John J Harrast; Timothy R Kuklo; David W Polly; Keith H Bridwell; Mohammad Diab; John P Dormans; Denis S Drummond; John B Emans; Charles E Johnston; Lawrence G Lenke; Richard E McCarthy; Peter O Newton; B Stephens Richards; Daniel J Sucato Journal: Spine (Phila Pa 1976) Date: 2007-11-15 Impact factor: 3.468