Sang-Ho Kim1, Dae-Kyoo Chung1, Young Joon Lee2, Chang-Hyun Song3, Sae-Kwang Ku4. 1. Department of Oriental Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea. 2. Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea. 3. Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: dvmsong@hotmail.com. 4. Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: gucci200@hanmail.net.
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Dangui-Jakyak-San (DJ) is a traditional Korean medicinal polyherb, prescribed typically in patients with insufficient blood supply in Eastern Asia. The DJ also has been reported to have neuroprotective effects in vitro and in vivo studies. AIM OF STUDY: The therapeutic potential of DJ was examined in stroke rat model, in comparison with donepezil, a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ischemic stroke rat model was induced by surgery of permanent occlusion of middle cerebral artery (pMCAO). The model was orally administered with distilled water (pMCAO control), donepezil at 10mg/kg (Donepezil) and DJ at 200, 100 and 50mg/kg (DJ 200, DJ 100 and DJ 50, respectively). Sham had the same surgery excepting for the pMCAO, and it was administered with distilled water (sham control). RESULTS: After the administration for 28 days, the groups of DJ exhibited dose-dependent reduction in infarct/defect volumes with improvement in sensorimotor and cognitive motor function, comparing to pMCAO control. The DJ treatments seemed to enhance antiapoptotic and antioxidant effects; increases in antiapoptotic expressions (STAT3 and Pim-1) and decreases in lipid peroxidation (MDA) together with increases in contents of endogenous antioxidant (GSH) and activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and SOD). The histopathological analyses revealed significant reduction in neuronal apoptosis (caspase-3 and PARP) and neuronal degradation with atrophy and degeneration, in the DJ treatments. Furthermore, the oxidative stresses (nitrotyrosine as an iNOS factor and 4-HNE as a marker of lipid peroxidation) were observed mild. Although the similar neuroprotective effects were observed, the body weight loss was scarcely alleviated in Donepezil comparing to pMCAO control. CONCLUSION: These suggest that DJ ameliorate the neurological dysfunction of cerebral ischemia through augmentation of antioxidant defense system and up-regulation of STAT3 and Pim-1.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Dangui-Jakyak-San (DJ) is a traditional Korean medicinal polyherb, prescribed typically in patients with insufficient blood supply in Eastern Asia. The DJ also has been reported to have neuroprotective effects in vitro and in vivo studies. AIM OF STUDY: The therapeutic potential of DJ was examined in strokerat model, in comparison with donepezil, a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ischemic strokerat model was induced by surgery of permanent occlusion of middle cerebral artery (pMCAO). The model was orally administered with distilled water (pMCAO control), donepezil at 10mg/kg (Donepezil) and DJ at 200, 100 and 50mg/kg (DJ 200, DJ 100 and DJ 50, respectively). Sham had the same surgery excepting for the pMCAO, and it was administered with distilled water (sham control). RESULTS: After the administration for 28 days, the groups of DJ exhibited dose-dependent reduction in infarct/defect volumes with improvement in sensorimotor and cognitive motor function, comparing to pMCAO control. The DJ treatments seemed to enhance antiapoptotic and antioxidant effects; increases in antiapoptotic expressions (STAT3 and Pim-1) and decreases in lipid peroxidation (MDA) together with increases in contents of endogenous antioxidant (GSH) and activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and SOD). The histopathological analyses revealed significant reduction in neuronal apoptosis (caspase-3 and PARP) and neuronal degradation with atrophy and degeneration, in the DJ treatments. Furthermore, the oxidative stresses (nitrotyrosine as an iNOS factor and 4-HNE as a marker of lipid peroxidation) were observed mild. Although the similar neuroprotective effects were observed, the body weight loss was scarcely alleviated in Donepezil comparing to pMCAO control. CONCLUSION: These suggest that DJ ameliorate the neurological dysfunction of cerebral ischemia through augmentation of antioxidant defense system and up-regulation of STAT3 and Pim-1.