Margarida Sá Fernandes1,2, Rogério Pereira3,4,5, Renato Andrade4,5,6, Sebastiano Vasta7, Hélder Pereira4,5,8,9,10, João Páscoa Pinheiro11, João Espregueira-Mendes12,13,14,15,16. 1. Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. 2. Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar S. João, Porto, Portugal. 3. Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal. 4. Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre - FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Porto, Portugal. 5. Dom Henrique Research Centre, Porto, Portugal. 6. Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. 7. Orthopaedic and Trauma Department, Campus Biomedico University of Rome, Rome, Italy. 8. Orthopaedic Department, Centro Hospitalar Póvoa de Varzim, Vila do Conde, Portugal. 9. 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal. 10. ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal. 11. Physical Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra University, Coimbra, Portugal. 12. Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre - FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Porto, Portugal. espregueira@dhresearchcentre.com. 13. Dom Henrique Research Centre, Porto, Portugal. espregueira@dhresearchcentre.com. 14. 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal. espregueira@dhresearchcentre.com. 15. ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal. espregueira@dhresearchcentre.com. 16. Orthopaedics Department, Minho University, Braga, Portugal. espregueira@dhresearchcentre.com.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of different osteoarticular femoral and tibial morphology and morphometric parameters with the risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. METHODS: Thirty-six patients (29 male and 7 female) with an ACL rupture (<6 months) and 36 age and sex-matched controls were included. The anatomomorphological parameters and morphometrics of the distal epiphysis of the femur and proximal epiphysis of the tibia were measured through conventional lateral radiography of the knee. RESULTS: It was found statistically significant smaller heights of femur's lateral condyle, AP distances of the tibial plateaus and smaller XY and WX distances, as well as, higher XY/AB and B/AB ratios (p < 0.05). In turn, women had smaller AP distances of the femur's lateral condyle, AP distances of the femur's diaphysis, AP distances of the tibial plateaus and heights of femur's lateral condyle, as well as, higher values of XY/AB (Porto ratio) and B/AB ratios (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Several femoral and tibial bone morphological parameters were identified as potential risk factors for sustaining an ACL injury. These parameters are clinically relevant to identify individuals with higher risk of ACL injury, decide between conservative or surgical treatment and identify individuals who may benefit from preventive neuromuscular programs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Case-control study, Level III.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of different osteoarticular femoral and tibial morphology and morphometric parameters with the risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. METHODS: Thirty-six patients (29 male and 7 female) with an ACL rupture (<6 months) and 36 age and sex-matched controls were included. The anatomomorphological parameters and morphometrics of the distal epiphysis of the femur and proximal epiphysis of the tibia were measured through conventional lateral radiography of the knee. RESULTS: It was found statistically significant smaller heights of femur's lateral condyle, AP distances of the tibial plateaus and smaller XY and WX distances, as well as, higher XY/AB and B/AB ratios (p < 0.05). In turn, women had smaller AP distances of the femur's lateral condyle, AP distances of the femur's diaphysis, AP distances of the tibial plateaus and heights of femur's lateral condyle, as well as, higher values of XY/AB (Porto ratio) and B/AB ratios (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Several femoral and tibial bone morphological parameters were identified as potential risk factors for sustaining an ACL injury. These parameters are clinically relevant to identify individuals with higher risk of ACL injury, decide between conservative or surgical treatment and identify individuals who may benefit from preventive neuromuscular programs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Case-control study, Level III.
Entities:
Keywords:
Anterior cruciate ligament; Bone morphology; Knee; Radiography; Risk factor
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