The relationship between spirituality and aggression in a sample of men in residential substance use treatment.

There is a robust literature documenting that aggression perpetration is increased among individuals in treatment for substance use. Although aggression decreases with successful substance use treatment, a substantial number of patients continue to engage in aggression following treatment. Thus, continued research is needed on potential protective factors for aggression that could be enhanced during substance use treatment. The current study examined the relationship between spirituality and aggression among men in residential treatment for substance use (N = 398), as many substance use treatment programs employ spirituality-based interventions. Findings demonstrated that spirituality was negatively associated with attitudinal, physical, and verbal aggression, as well as a composite aggression score. Moreover, spirituality remained negatively associated with aggression after controlling for age, alcohol use and problems, and drug use and problems. These findings provide preliminary evidence for the association between spirituality and aggression among men in treatment for substance use. Continued research is needed in this area, particularly longitudinal and treatment outcome research.