Gianfranco Parati1, Juan Eugenio Ochoa1, Grzegorz Bilo1, Rajiv Agarwal1, Adrian Covic1, Friedo W Dekker1, Danilo Fliser1, Gunnar H Heine1, Kitty J Jager1, Luna Gargani1, Mehmet Kanbay1, Francesca Mallamaci1, Ziad Massy1, Alberto Ortiz1, Eugenio Picano1, Patrick Rossignol1, Pantelis Sarafidis1, Rosa Sicari1, Raymond Vanholder1, Andrzej Wiecek1, Gerard London1, Carmine Zoccali1. 1. From the Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy (G.P., J.E.O.); Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, San Luca Hospital, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy (G.P., J.E.O., G.B.); Indiana University and VAMC, Indianapolis (R.A.); Clinic of Nephrology, C. I. Parhon University Hospital, Gr. T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania (A.C.); Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.W.D.); Department of Internal Medicine IV, Saarland University Medical Centre, Homburg, Saarland, Germany (D.F., G.H.H.); European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association (ERA-EDTA) Registry, Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (K.J.J.); CNR, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy (L.G., E.P., R.S.); Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.K.); Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit and CNR-IFC Clinical Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Reggio Calabria, Italy (F.M., C.Z.); Division of Nephrology, Ambroise Paré Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Boulogne-Billancourt, Paris, France; University of Paris Ouest -Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), and Inserm U-1018, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Equipe 5, Villejuif; Paris-Sud University (PSU) and University of Paris Ouest-Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), F-CRIN-INI-CRCT, Paris, France (Z.M.); IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Fundación Renal Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo, Madrid, Spain (A.O.); Inserm, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 1433, Inserm U1116, Nancy, France (P.R.); CHU Nancy, Département de Cardiologie, Institut Lorrain du Cœur et des Vaisseaux, Vandoeuvre lès