Roberth Alirio Ortiz Martínez1, Alejandro Castillo2. 1. Esp. Ginecólogia y Obstetricia, Magister Epidemiologia, Profesor universitario, Universidad del Cauca, Colombia. Electronic address: roberthni@yahoo.com. 2. Esp. Psiquiatría, Magister Epidemiologia, Profesor Universitario, Universidad del Valle, Colombia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Preterm birth occurs before 37 completed weeks, its causes are multifactorial and vary according to the gestational age, ethnicity and geographical context. Although several medical/social factors have been clearly identified, over 50% of cases are unknown or unclear; however, psychopathological components emerge as potentially important risk factors. OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between the presence of stress during pregnancy and spontaneous preterm birth. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Through a study of cases and controls in a level III hospital, with a sample of 360 patients during the period from March to November of 2013, where sociodemographic characteristics were collected. In addition, they were applied scales social adjustment, coping strategies and social support. Logistic regression models were developed; psychological, biological and social. Based on the significant variables in each of these generated a final one. RESULTS: The final model was found that stress during pregnancy increases the odds of spontaneous preterm birth 1.91 times (adjusted OR=2.91; 95%CI, 1.67-5.08; P<.05). Other significant variables were: history of preterm delivery, unplanned pregnancy, no emotional support, rural residence, inadequate prenatal care and non-stable partner. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the hypothesis that stress during pregnancy is associated with spontaneous preterm delivery.
BACKGROUND: Preterm birth occurs before 37 completed weeks, its causes are multifactorial and vary according to the gestational age, ethnicity and geographical context. Although several medical/social factors have been clearly identified, over 50% of cases are unknown or unclear; however, psychopathological components emerge as potentially important risk factors. OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between the presence of stress during pregnancy and spontaneous preterm birth. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Through a study of cases and controls in a level III hospital, with a sample of 360 patients during the period from March to November of 2013, where sociodemographic characteristics were collected. In addition, they were applied scales social adjustment, coping strategies and social support. Logistic regression models were developed; psychological, biological and social. Based on the significant variables in each of these generated a final one. RESULTS: The final model was found that stress during pregnancy increases the odds of spontaneous preterm birth 1.91 times (adjusted OR=2.91; 95%CI, 1.67-5.08; P<.05). Other significant variables were: history of preterm delivery, unplanned pregnancy, no emotional support, rural residence, inadequate prenatal care and non-stable partner. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the hypothesis that stress during pregnancy is associated with spontaneous preterm delivery.
Authors: Doris González-Fernández; Revathi Sahajpal; José E Chagüendo; Roberth A Ortiz Martínez; Julián A Herrera; Marilyn E Scott; Kristine G Koski Journal: Front Public Health Date: 2020-08-13