Subcutaneous emphysema during periodontal surgery: report of a case.

Subcutaneous emphysema (S.E.) of the facial region is an uncommon complication of dental procedures. A case is presented which details the development of S.E. following use of an air-water syringe during periodontal surgery. Differential diagnosis of the condition depends upon accurate historical data and the finding of crepitus on palpation of the involved tissues. Treatment is supportive in nature, although prophylactic antibiotic coverage is suggested. The etiology of S.E. is discussed and judicious use of compressed air or gas-producing medicaments during dental treatment is stressed.