Bede Ozolins1, Nicole Aimers2, Lucy Parrington3, Alan J Pearce2,4. 1. a Faculty of Health , Deakin University , Melbourne , Australia. 2. b Centre for Design Innovation (CDI) , Swinburne University of Technology , Melbourne , Australia. 3. c Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences , Swinburne University of Technology , Melbourne , Australia. 4. d Melbourne School of Health Sciences , The University of Melbourne , Australia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There is increasing attention on the long-term sequelae following multiple concussions and traumatic brain injury (TBI) in later life. The majority of the research has focused on long-term cognitive impairments and behavioural changes. Despite being researched and reported, long-term motor dysfunction and movement disorders as a consequence of concussions and TBI have not received due consideration. REVIEW: This study used a systematic review and qualitative analysis that focused on two key areas: (1) identified movement disorders in individuals with a reported history of repeated concussions or repeated mild-to-moderate TBIs; and (2) identified motor impairments in individuals with a history of repeated concussions or repeated mild-to-moderate TBIs. Fourteen studies investigating long-term movement disorders or motor impairments as a result of repeated concussions or TBI met the selection criteria. Study ratings were moderate-to-high; therefore, evidence was strong enough to conclude that repeated concussions or repeated mild/moderate TBIs did affect the motor system. CONCLUSION: The evidence in this systematic review highlights the need for future studies to include motor outcomes along with cognitive and behavioural outcomes when assessing the long-term effects of repeated concussions or repeated mild/moderate TBIs.
BACKGROUND: There is increasing attention on the long-term sequelae following multiple concussions and traumatic brain injury (TBI) in later life. The majority of the research has focused on long-term cognitive impairments and behavioural changes. Despite being researched and reported, long-term motor dysfunction and movement disorders as a consequence of concussions and TBI have not received due consideration. REVIEW: This study used a systematic review and qualitative analysis that focused on two key areas: (1) identified movement disorders in individuals with a reported history of repeated concussions or repeated mild-to-moderate TBIs; and (2) identified motor impairments in individuals with a history of repeated concussions or repeated mild-to-moderate TBIs. Fourteen studies investigating long-term movement disorders or motor impairments as a result of repeated concussions or TBI met the selection criteria. Study ratings were moderate-to-high; therefore, evidence was strong enough to conclude that repeated concussions or repeated mild/moderate TBIs did affect the motor system. CONCLUSION: The evidence in this systematic review highlights the need for future studies to include motor outcomes along with cognitive and behavioural outcomes when assessing the long-term effects of repeated concussions or repeated mild/moderate TBIs.
Entities:
Keywords:
Brain concussion; motor skills disorders; movement disorders; traumatic brain injury
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