Contribution to the knowledge of Afrotropical Dryinidae, Embolemidae and Sclerogibbidae (Hymenoptera), with description of new species from Central African Republic and Uganda.

An updated checklist of Dryinidae, Embolemidae and Sclerogibbidae from Central African Republic and Uganda is presented. The following new species of Dryinidae are described: from Central African Republic: Anteon dzanganum sp. n. (Anteoninae); from Uganda: Anteon granulatum sp. n., Anteon kibalense sp. n., Anteon makererense sp. n., Anteon mubfs sp. n. (Anteoninae); Bocchus kibalensis sp. n. (Bocchinae); Dryinus kibalus sp. n. (Dryininae); Gonatopus kanyawarus sp. n. (Gonatopodinae). The following species have been recorded for the first time from Central African Republic: Embolemidae: Ampulicomorpha madecassa Olmi, 1999a; Embolemus capensis Olmi, 1997; Dryinidae: Aphelopus mediocarinatus (Benoit, 1951d), Aphelopus testaceus Olmi, 1991, Aphelopus wittei Benoit, 1951c (Aphelopinae); Anteon cautum Olmi, 1994a, Anteon evertsi Olmi, 1989, Anteon gutturnium (Benoit, 1951b), Anteon inflatrix Benoit, 1951b, Anteon kivuanum (Benoit, 1951c), Anteon semajanna Olmi, Copeland & Guglielmino, 2015, Anteon zairense Benoit, 1951d (Anteoninae); Pseudodryinus townesi (Olmi, 1984) (Dryininae); Echthrodelphax tauricus Ponomarenko, 1970, Gonatopus camerounensis Olmi, 2011, Gonatopus kolyadai Olmi, 2007b, Neodryinus antiquus Benoit, 1954, Neodryinus tussaci Olmi, 2004b (Gonatopodinae); Sclerogibbidae: Probethylus callani Richards, 1939b; Sclerogibba algerica Benoit, 1963, Sclerogibba rapax Olmi, 2005a. The following species have been recorded for the first time from Uganda: Embolemidae: Ampulicomorpha magna Olmi, 1996; Dryinidae: Anteon cautum Olmi, 1994a, Anteon fisheri Olmi, 2003, Anteon hoyoi Olmi, 1984, Anteon kivuanum (Benoit, 1951c), Anteon townesi Olmi, 1984, Anteon zairense Benoit, 1951d (Anteoninae); Bocchus bini Olmi, 1984 (Bocchinae); Dryinus saussurei (Ceballos, 1936) (Dryininae); Echthrodelphax migratorius Benoit, 1954, Neodryinus tussaci Olmi, 2004b (Gonatopodinae). The following further species has been recorded for the first time from Mali: Sclerogibba algerica Benoit, 1963 (Sclerogibbidae); from Ivory Coast: Adryinus oweni Olmi, 1984 (Gonatopodinae); from Cameroon and South Africa: Gonatopus operosus Olmi, 1993 (Gonatopodinae); from Democratic Republic of the Congo and Zambia: Neodryinus antiquus Benoit, 1954 (Gonatopodinae); from South Africa: Anteon striatum Olmi, 2005b (Anteoninae). Including the above new records, 23 species of Dryinidae (previously six), two species of Embolemidae (previously none) and three species of Sclerogibbidae (previously two) are now known from Central African Republic. For Uganda, 39 species of Dryinidae (previously 23), one species of Embolemidae (previously none) and four species of Sclerogibbidae (previously four) are now known. Additional new faunistic records are provided for Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Mali, South Africa and Zambia.

Introduction

and (: ) are parasitoids of () (Guglielmino et al. 2013; Olmi 1996; Olmi et al. 2014). (: ) are parasitoids of (Olmi 2005a).

Afrotropical species of the above three families are poorly known. In recent years research investigation has been intensified in Burundi, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique and South Africa (mainly thanks to the efforts of Robert S. Copeland in Burundi and Kenya, Brian L. Fisher in Madagascar, Massimo Olmi in Mozambique and Simon van Noort in South Africa). The above inventory surveys resulted in the descriptions of many new species, and contributed to the publication of updated checklists (Azevedo et al. 2010 and Olmi 2007a, 2010 on Madagascar; Olmi and Copeland 2011 and Olmi et al. 2015 on Burundi and Kenya; Olmi et al. 2012 on Mozambique; Olmi 2006, 2007b, 2009 on South Africa). However, in spite of the above efforts, the fauna of dryinids, embolemids and sclerogibbids of many countries remains almost unknown.

In addition one of the authors (Simon van Noort) extended his research to two of the lesser known Afrotropical countries, Central African Republic and Uganda, where the number of recorded species was particularly low (in the Central Africa Republic, 6 species of , two species of , no species of ; in Uganda, 23 species of , one species of and four species of ). The subsequent study of the collected material has resulted in the discovery of eight new species described herein and, along with new distributional data for previously described species of these three families, has provided the opportunity to update the checklist of Dryinids, Embolemids and Sclerogibbids known from Central African Republic and Uganda.

Material and methods

Species descriptions follow the terminology used by Olmi (1984, 1994c, 1999b), Xu et al. (2013), Olmi and Virla (2014) and Olmi and Xu (2015). The measurements reported are relative, except for the total length (head to abdominal tip, without the antennae), which is expressed in millimetres. In the figures of male genitalia the right half is not included. The following abbreviations are used in the descriptions: POL; OL; OOL; OPL; TL.

distance between the inner edges of the two lateral ocelli

distance between the inner edges of a lateral ocellus and the median ocellus

distance from the outer edge of a lateral ocellus to the compound eye

distance from the posterior edge of a lateral ocellus to the occipital carina

distance from the posterior edge of the eye to the occipital carina

Surveyed areas

The Dzanga-Sangha protected area was surveyed in Central African Republic. This area lies north of the equator and is located in the southwest triangle of the country (Sangha-Mbaéré Prefecture) bordered by Cameroon and the Republic of Congo. The Dzanga-Sangha protected area includes the Dzanga-Ndoki National Park (1220 km2), and the Dzanga-Sangha Dense Forest Special Reserve (3359 km2). The latter is a multiple use zone where logging, traditional hunting, safari hunting and extraction of plants are still allowed under controlled conditions. Annual rainfall is about 1500 mm, with average temperatures ranging between 25°and 29°Celsius. There are two peaks to the rainy season with highest precipitation occurring during the “long rains” from September to November and a second peak during the “short rains” in May and June (Carroll 1997). The eco-region is a part of the Guineo-Congolian lowland rain forest within the Guineo-Congolian regional centre of endemism (White 1983), characterized by the following species: (); (Mimoseae); (); and (). The canopy can reach a height of 60 m. The understory is composed of shrubs, lianas and herbs. Harris (2002) recorded 1090 species of vascular plants in the reserve.

Three separate sites within the forest were sampled (named Camps 1-3). Camp 1 was situated at a marsh clearing, Mabéa Bai, in lowland rainforest 21.4km 53°NE Bayanga, 3°02.01'N, 16°24.57'E, 510m, in the Dzanga-Ndoki National. The vegetation in the Bai marsh clearing is dominated by herbaceous plants including abundant sedges () and grasses (). Characteristic trees of the forest margin include and . Camp 2 was situated in lowland rainforest on the banks of the Sangha River in the Dzanga-Sangha Dense Forest Special Reserve, 12.7km 326°NW Bayanga, 3°00.27'N, 16°11.55'E, 420m. The river is about 500 meters wide at this point and ranges from a depth of 20 cm at the end of the dry season (around March) to as much as 5 meters during the height of the rainy season PageBreakin September and October when the forests adjacent to the banks are flooded. This seasonally flooded forest has a complex architecture with 15–25 m trees forming a canopy with occasional emergent trees to 40 m with gaps less common; the understorey consists of small trees (5–10 m) with herbs and lianas common, whereas shrubs are almost absent (Harris 2002). Camp 3 was situated in lowland rainforest about 1 km from the banks of the Sangha River in the Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, 38.6km 173°S Lidjombo, 2°21.60'N, 16°09.20'E, 350m. Sampling was conducted in the seasonally inundated riparian forest (see above for species composition) and in mixed species terra firma forest above the flood plain. Details of the sampled habitats (including photographs of the sampling sites) and sampling effort conducted during the WWF expedition to Central African Republic are presented in Azevedo et al. 2015.

In Uganda surveys were undertaken within the vicinity of the (0°33.798'N, 30°21.365'E, 1500 m) in the Kanyawara area of Kibale National Park where 12 main survey sites were sampled. The park is located in western Uganda, approximately 24 km from the eastern edge of the Ruwenzori Mountains and encompasses an area of 766 km2 and an altitude varying between 1590 m in the north and 1100 m in the south (Chapman et al. 1997). Kibale forest is transitional between lowland rain forest and montane rain forest and is classified as a mid-altitude, moist, evergreen forest with a canopy height typically between 20 and 30 m, but with some trees exceeding 55 m (Chapman et al. 1997, Skorupa 1988, Struhsaker 1997, Wrangham et al. 1994). The park is dominated by moist evergreen forest (57%), with secondary regenerating forest (19%), woodland (4%), grassland (15%), lakes and wetlands (2%), and exotic tree plantations (1%) comprising the remainder (Chapman et al. 1997). Rainfall is bimodal with highest precipitation concentrated during March to May and September to November. Mean annual rainfall totals 1734 mm; mean maximum temperature is 23.7°C; mean minimum temperature is 15.5°C (Rhode et al. 2006). Chapman et al. (1997), Skorupa (1988), and Struhsaker (1997) provide further details of the Kanyawara area.

Makerere University Biological Field Station

Sampling methods

The Malaise traps were constructed to the specifications of the Townes design (Townes 1972), and made with a fine-meshed netting (grid size of 0.2 mm), with black walls and a white roof. Yellow pan traps comprised plastic bowls of 165mm diameter x 40 mm depth, which were placed on the forest floor along a linear transect. Sweeping: The sweep net used for sampling was based on the design of Noyes (1982), with an opening area of c. 1300 cm2, and a collecting bag constructed from fine-meshed netting with a grid size of 0.2 mm. The yellow pan trap collection method is indicated by the following abbreviation: YPT.

All types of the Afrotropical species of , and have been examined. The specimens studied for this paper are deposited in the following collections:

AEIC

American Entomological Institute, Gainesville, Florida, USA

AMNH

American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA

BMNH

The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom

BPBM

Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA

CASC

California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USA

CNCI

Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa, Canada

IRSN

Institut Royal de Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Bruxelles, Belgium

MSNG

Museo Civico di Storia Naturale “Giacomo Doria” di Genova, Italy

MNHN

Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France

MOLC

Massimo Olmi collection, c/o Department of Plant Protection, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy

MRAC

Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium

NMSA

Kwazulu-Natal Museum, Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

OLML

Oberösterreichisches Landesmuseum, Linz, Austria

RMNH

Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden, The Netherlands

SAMC

South African Museum, Cape Town, South Africa

USNM

National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA

UKIC

Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA

The descriptions of most of the new species are based on the study of a single specimen. Specimens of these families are rarely collected and are poorly represented in world collections. The authors are aware that descriptions of new taxa should normally be based on more individuals. However, on the basis of the experience and knowledge of the authors, the new species are sufficiently characterized to justify their descriptions.

Checklist of , and from Central African Republic and Uganda

An asterisk (*) indicates that specimens are known only from Central African Republic or Uganda, double asterisk (**) indicates the species is newly recorded from Central African Republic or Uganda.

Family

Subfamily Perkins, 1912

Genus Dalman

Dalman, 1823.

Olmi & van Harten

Olmi & van Harten, 2006: 312.

Material examined.

. Olmi et al. (2015): CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: : Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Mabéa Bai,21.4 Km 53°NE Bayanga, 03°02'01"N 16°24'57"E, 510 m, 5–6.V.2001, Malaise trap, lowland rainforest, marsh clearing, S. van Noort leg., 2♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 3–4.V.2001, 2♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 1–2.v.2001, 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 7–8.V.2001, 9♂♂, 3♀♀ (SAMC); Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, 38.6 km 173°S Lidjombo, 2°21.60'N, 16°03.20'E, 350 m, 22.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♀, 2♂♂ (SAMC). UGANDA: : Kabarole District, Kibale National Park, Kanyawara, Makerere University Biological Field Station, 0°33.871'S 30°21.355'E, 1495 m, 12–26.VIII.2008, Malaise trap, secondary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 2♂♂, 1♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 0°33.408'S 30°22.603'E, 1587 m, Malaise trap, degraded mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 3♀♀, 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 2–12.VIII.2008, 0°33.784'S 30°22.617'E, 1500 m, Malaise trap, primary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 2♀♀, 2♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 12–26.VIII.2008, 0°33.823'S 30°21.490'E, 1505 m, Malaise trap, primary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC).

Hosts.

Unknown.

Distribution.

Afrotropical, recorded from Cameroon, Central African Republic, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Madagascar, Nigeria, South Africa, Uganda and Yemen (Olmi and Copeland 2011; Olmi et al. 2015; Olmi and van Harten 2006).

(Benoit)

Benoit, 1951d.

(Benoit):

Olmi (1984): UGANDA: CENTRAL REGION: Wakiso District, Entebbe (CNCI). : Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Mabéa Bai,21.4 km 53°NE Bayanga, 03°02'01"N 16°24'57"E, 510 m, 3–4.V.2001, Malaise trap, lowland rainforest, marsh clearing, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC); Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, 38.6 km 173°S Lidjombo, 2°21.60'N, 16°03.20'E, 350 m, 22.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♂, 4♀♀ (SAMC); Reserve Speciale de Forêt Dense de Dzanga-Sangha, 12.7 km 326°NW Bayanga, 3°00.27'N, 16°11.55'E, 420 m, 13.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♀, 4♂♂ (SAMC).

(Guglielmino et al. 2013): in Mozambique (Niassa Province): Dworakowska and Dworakowska; in Nigeria: sp.

Afrotropical, recorded from almost all sub-saharian countries, from Senegal to Somalia, in addition to Madagascar and Yemen (Olmi and Copeland 2011; Olmi et al. 2015; Olmi and van Harten 2006). Newly recorded from Central African Republic here.

Olmi**

Olmi, 1991: 112.

: Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Mabéa Bai, 21.4 km 53°NE Bayanga, 3°02.01'N, 16°24.57'E, 510 m, 7–8.V.2001, Malaise trap, lowland rainforest, marsh clearing, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC); Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, 38.6 km 173°S Lidjombo, 2°21.60'N, 16°03.20'E, 350 m, 22.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC).

Unknown.

Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Africa, Tanzania and Yemen (Olmi and van Harten 2000, 2006). Newly recorded from Central African Republic here.

Benoit**

Benoit, 1951c: 16.

Olmi (1990): UGANDA: : Kasese District, Ruwenzori Range, Misigo, 8550 ft., 2–3.VIII.1952, D.S. Fletcher leg., 3♂♂ (2 in BMNH, 1 in BPBM). : 60 km W Bouar, 05°45'N, 15°13'E, 660 m, 23.III.2010, J. Halada leg., 1♂ (OLML); : Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Mabéa Bai, 21.4 km 53°NE Bayanga, 3°02.01'N, 16°24.57'E, 510 m, 7–8.V.2001, Malaise trap, lowland rainforest, marsh clearing, S. van Noort leg., 1♀, 4♂♂ (SAMC); Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, 38.6 km 173°S Lidjombo, 2°21.60'N, 16°03.20'E, 350 m, 22.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♀, 12♂♂ (SAMC); Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Mabéa Bai, 21.4 km 53°NE Bayanga, 3°02.01'N, 16°24.57'E, 510 m, 6.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, marsh clearing, CAR01-S48, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC); Reserve Speciale de Forêt Dense de Dzanga-Sangha, 12.7 km 326°NW Bayanga, 3°00.27'N, 16°11.55'E, 420 m, 13.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♀, PageBreak8♂♂ (SAMC). UGANDA: Western Region: Kabarole District, Kibale Forest, Kanywara (RMNH); Kabarole District, Kibale National Park, Kanyawara, Makerere University Biological Field Station, 0°34.405'N, 30°21.646'E, 1484 m, 12–26.VIII.2008, Malaise trap, primary mid-altitude rainforest, near stream, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 00°33.891'N, 30°21.468'E, 1506 m, 12–26.VIII.2008, 1♀, 5♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 00°35.442'N, 30°21.741'E, 1465 m, 10.VIII.2008, sweep, primary mid-altitude rainforest, near stream, S. van Noort leg., 7♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 0°33.871'S 30°21.355'E, 1495 m, 12–26.VIII.2008, Malaise trap, secondary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 2♂♂, 1♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 0°33.408'S 30°22.603'E, 1587 m, Malaise trap, degraded mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 3♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 2–12.VIII.2008, 0°33.784'S 30°22.617'E, 1500 m, Malaise trap, primary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♀, 11♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 12–26.VIII.2008, 0°33.823'S 30°21.490'E, 1505 m, Malaise trap, primary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 2♀♀, 2♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 2–12.VIII.2008, 0°33.836'S 30°21.700'E, 1523 m, Malaise trap, primary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 2♀♀, 3♂♂ (SAMC).

(Guglielmino et al. 2013): in North Sudan: (Bergevin & Zanon); in Somalia: (Jacobi).

Afrotropical, recorded from almost all sub-saharian countries, from Senegal to Somalia, in addition to Madagascar and Yemen (Olmi and Copeland 2011; Olmi et al. 2015; Olmi and van Harten 2006). Newly recorded from Central African Republic here.

Subfamily Olmi, 1984

Genus Benoit

Benoit, 1951c: 11.

Benoit

Benoit, 1951c: 12.

Olmi et al. (2015): UGANDA: : Kibale National Park, Kanyawara, Makerere University Biological Field Station, 0°33.891'N, 30°21.468'E, 1506 m, 4–26.VIII.2008, YPT, primary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC).

Unknown.

Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Madagascar, Rwanda, South Africa, Uganda (Olmi 1984, 1994a; Olmi et al. 2015).

Genus Jurine

Jurine, 1807: 302.

Olmi**

Olmi, 1994a.

: Reserve Speciale de Forêt dense de Dzanga-Sangha, 12.7 km 326°NW Bayanga, 3°00.27'N, 16°11.55'E, 420 m, 17.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 4♂♂ (SAMC). UGANDA: : Kibale National Park, Kanyawara Makerere University Biological Field Station, 0°33.859'S 30°21.630'E, 1505 m, 5–12.VIII.2005, Malaise trap, primary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC).

Unknown.

Kenya, Madagascar and South Africa (Olmi 1994a, 2009; Olmi et al. 2015). Newly recorded from Central African Republic and Uganda here.

sp. n.*

http://zoobank.org/C58A5227-D69A-4416-B21E-3EA1412F26F5

Figs 1A , 4

Figure 1.

Chela of holotypes: A B C D . Male genitalia of holotypes (right half removed): ; . Scale bar: 0.26 mm (A); 0.28 mm (B); 0.22 mm (C); 0.13 mm (D, E); 0.40 mm (F).

Figure 4.

sp. n. Holotype female. A habitus, dorsal view B habitus, lateral view C head, pronotum dorsal view D chela (slide mounted).

Type material.

HOLOTYPE: ♀, CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: : Réserve Spéciale de Forêt Dense de Dzanga-Sangha, 12.7 km 326°NW Bayanga, 03°00.27'N, 16°11.55'E, 420 m, 11–17.V.2001, YPT, lowland rainforest, CAR01-Y26, S. van Noort leg. (SAMC).

Diagnosis.

Female fully winged; head and mesosoma black, except mandible testaceous; head and scutum granulated and reticulate rugose; posterior surface of propodeum reticulate rugose, without longitudinal keels; forewing hyaline, without dark transverse bands or spots, with distal part of stigmal vein less than 0.5 as long as proximal part; segment 4 of protarsus slightly shorter than basal part of segment 5; segment 5 of protarsus (Figs 1A, 4D) with inner side curvilinear, with distinct apical region, basal part shorter than distal part, distal region very short and distal lamellae located near medial lamellae.

Description.

Fully winged; length 2.2 mm. Head black, except mandible testaceous; antenna testaceous, except dorsal side of segments 6–10 brownish; metasoma brown; legs testaceous. Antenna clavate; antennal segments in following proportions: 10:5:6:5:4:5:6:5.5:5.5:7. Head dull, granulated and reticulate rugose; frontal line complete; face without two lateral keels around orbits and directed towards antennal toruli; occipital carina complete; POL = 6; OL = 3; OOL = 3: OPL = 4; TL = 4; greatest breadth of posterior ocelli about as long as OL. Pronotum dull, reticulate rugose; posterior surface longer than OPL (7:4) and shorter than scutum (7:14); pronotal tubercle reaching tegula. Scutum dull, granulated and reticulate rugose, except short unsculptured area near anterior margin. Notauli incomplete, reaching about 0.3 length of scutum. Scutellum and metanotum shiny, punctate, unsculptured among punctures. Mesopleuron and metapleuron dull, reticulate rugose. Propodeum dull, with transverse keel between dorsal and posterior surface; dorsal surface reticulate rugose; posterior surface reticulate rugose, without longitudinal keels. Forewing hyaline, PageBreakwithout dark transverse bands; distal part of stigmal vein much shorter than proximal part (2.5:9). Protarsal segments in following proportions: 5:2:3:4:13; segment 2 of protarsus produced into hook. Segment 4 of protarsus slightly shorter than basal part of segment 5 (4:6). Segment 5 of protarsus (Figs 1A, 4D) with basal part slightly shorter than distal part (6:7), with inner side curvilinear and with apical region distinct. Enlarged claw (Figs 1A, 4D) with proximal prominence bearing one long bristle. Segment 5 of protarsus (Figs 1A, 4D) with one row of 16 lamellae; distal apex with 6 lamellae. Tibial spurs 1/1/2.

Unknown.

Differential diagnosis.

Because of the above diagnosis, the new species is similar to (Benoit, 1951b). The main differences regard the sculpture of the posterior surface of the propodeum and the colour (posterior surface of propodeum granulated, except few irregular keels near margins; head and mesosoma testaceous-reddish, occasionally partly darkened, in ; posterior surface PageBreakof propodeum reticulate rugose; head and mesosoma black, except mandible testaceous, in ).

Etymology.

The species is named after the type locality, Dzanga-Ndoki National Park.

Unknown.

Central African Republic.

Olmi**

: Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, 38.6 km 173°S Lidjombo, 2°21.60'N, 16°03.20'E, 350 m, 23.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 4♂♂ (SAMC).

Unknown.

Cameroon, Gambia, Ivory Coast, Kenya (Olmi 1989; Olmi et al. 2015). Newly recorded from Central African Republic here.

Olmi**

Olmi, 2003: 24.

: Kibale Forest, Kanyawara (RMNH); Kibale National Park, Kanyawara Makerere University Biological Field Station, 0°34.390'S 30°21.658'E, 1587 m, 4–26.VIII.2008, YPT, primary mid-altitude rainforest, near stream, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC).

Unknown.

Madagascar, South Africa (Azevedo et al. 2010; Olmi 2003, 2006). Newly recorded from Uganda here.

sp. n.*

http://zoobank.org/7D0E3446-FDF4-4A96-8537-3CCE51AC202F

Figs 1D , 5

Figure 5.

sp. n. Holotype male. A habitus, dorsal view B habitus lateral view (inset: data labels) C head, mesosoma dorsal view D head, mesosoma lateral view E head, anterior view F male genitalia (slide mounted).

HOLOTYPE: ♂, UGANDA: : Kibale National Park, Kanyawara Makerere University Biological Field Station, 0°33.996'N, 30°21.262'E, 1495 m, 12–18.VIII.2005, UG05-M20, Malaise trap, secondary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg. (SAMC).

Male with clypeus not sculptured by longitudinal and subparallel keels; scutum completely granulated and slightly reticulate rugose; posterior surface of propodeum without longitudinal keels; paramere (Figs 1D, 5F) with small distal inner rounded process and proximal membranous process not provided with mosaic sculpture and sensorial setae; distal inner process of paramere with distal apex situated quite close to distal apex of paramere (Figs 1D, 5F).

Fully winged; length 1.7 mm. Head black, except mandible testaceous; antenna brown; mesosoma black; metasoma brown; legs testaceous. Antenna filiform; antennal segments in following proportions: 8:5:7:7:7:7:7:7:7:8. Head granulated; frontal line complete; face without lateral keels along orbits directed towards antennal toruli; occipital carina complete; POL = 6; OL = 3; OOL = 5; OPL = 3; TL = 4; greatest breadth of posterior ocellus slightly shorter than OPL (2:3). Scutum dull, completely granulated and slightly reticulate rugose. Notauli very short, hardly visible near anterior margin of scutum. Scutellum shiny, slightly granulated. Metanotum shiny, unsculptured. Propodeum completely reticulate rugose, with strong transverse keel between dorsal and posterior surface; posterior surface without longitudinal keels, with areolae about as large as those of dorsal surface. Forewing hyaline, without dark transverse bands or spots; distal part of stigmal vein much shorter than proximal part (1.5:6). Paramere (Figs 1D, 5F) with small distal inner rounded process; proximal membranous process without mosaic sculpture and sensorial setae. Tibial spurs 1/1/2.

Unknown.

Because of the above diagnosis, the new species is similar to Olmi, 1994a, Olmi, 1984, and Olmi, in Olmi & Copeland, 2011. The main difference regards the scutum sculpture: completely reticulate rugose and granulated in ; not completely reticulate rugose, at most with small surface near anterior margin rugose in the other three species.

The species is named after the head completely granulated.

Unknown.

Uganda.

(Benoit)**

Benoit, 1951b.

(Benoit):

Olmi (1984): UGANDA: : Masaka District, Kawanda (BMNH, AMNH); Kampala District, Kampala, V.1938, H.C. Taylor leg., 1♀ (BMNH). : Bushenyi District, Bushenyi, III.1939, H.C. Taylor leg., 1♀ (BMNH). : Reserve Speciale de Forêt dense de Dzanga-Sangha, 12.7 km 326°NW Bayanga, 3°00.27'N, 16°11.55'E, 420 m, 17.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 3♂♂ (SAMC). UGANDA: : Kibale National Park, Kanyawara Makerere University Biological Field Station, 0°33.836'N, 30°21.700'E, 1523 m, 4–26.VIII.2008, YPT, primary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 3♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 0°33.891'N, 30°21.468'E, 1506 m, 4–26.VIII.2008, YPT, primary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 2♂♂ (SAMC).

Unknown.

Afrotropical, recorded from almost all sub-saharian countries, from Senegal to Uganda (Olmi 1984, 2006; Olmi and Copeland 2011; Olmi et al. 2015), in addition to Madagascar (Azevedo et al. 2010). Newly recorded from Central African Republic here.

Olmi**

Olmi, 1984: 390.

: Kasese District, Kibale National Park, Kanyawara, Makerere University Biological Field Station, 00°33.836'N, 30°21.700'E, 1523 m, 6.VIII.2008, sweep, primary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC).

Unknown.

Democratic Republic of the Congo (Olmi 1984). Newly recorded from Uganda here.

Benoit**

Benoit, 1951b: 161.

: Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Mabéa Bai, 21.4 km 53°NE Bayanga, 3°02.01'N, 16°24.57'E, 510 m, 4.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, marsh clearing, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC).

Unknown.

South Africa (Olmi 1984, 2006). Newly recorded from Central African Republic here.

Olmi

Olmi, 1984: 374.

Olmi (1984). UGANDA: : Masaka District, Kawanda, V.1943, T.H.C. Taylor leg., holotype ♀ (BMNH); same locality label, 13.VII.1943, VII.1943, 15.VII.1943, 19.VII.1943, 5 paratypes ♂♂, 1 paratype ♀ (BMNH); same locality label, 1 paratype ♀, 1 paratype ♂ (AMNH). : Serere District, Serere, VII.1943, T.H.C. Taylor leg., 10 paratypes ♀♀ (BMNH); same locality label, 1 paratype ♀ (AMNH).

Unknown.

Afrotropical, recorded from almost all sub-saharian countries, from Gambia to Somalia (Olmi 1984, 2006), in addition to Madagascar (Azevedo et al. 2010).

sp. n.*

http://zoobank.org/134FC47E-817B-4EE2-90EC-1046FC55605F

Figs 1B , 6

Figure 6.

sp. n. Holotype female. A habitus, dorsal view B habitus lateral view (inset: data labels) C head, mesosoma dorsal view D head, mesosoma lateral view E head, anterior view F chela (slide mounted).

: ♀, UGANDA: : Kibale National Park, Kanyawara Makerere University Biological Field Station, 0°33.996'S 30°21.262'E, 1495 m, 29–31.VII.2005, UG05-Y06, YPT, secondary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg. (SAMC). Paratypes: same locality label as , 1 ♀ (SAMC), 1 ♀ (MOLC).

Female fully winged; head and mesosoma black, except mandible brown; head completely reticulate rugose; posterior surface of propodeum reticulate rugose, without longitudinal keels, with areolae about as large as those of dorsal surface; forewing with two dark transverse bands, with distal part of stigmal vein less than 0.5 as long as proximal part; segment 4 of protarsus slightly shorter than basal part of segment 5; segment 5 of protarsus (Figs 1B, 6F) with inner side curvilinear, with distinct apical region, with basal part slightly shorter than distal part.

Fully winged; length 2.1–3.3 mm (holotype 2.8 mm). Head black, except mandible brown; antenna brown; mesosoma black; metasoma brown; legs brown, except articulations, trochanters, procoxa and mesocoxa testaceous. Antenna clavate; antennal segments in following proportions: 10:6:7:6:5:6:6:6:6:8. Head slightly convex, dull, completely reticulate rugose; frontal line complete; face without two lateral keels around orbits and directed towards antennal toruli; occipital carina complete; POL = 8; OL = 4; OOL = 6; OPL = 5; TL = 5; greatest breadth of posterior ocelli shorter than OPL (3:5). Pronotum anteriorly crossed by slight transverse impression, dull, with anterior surface transversely striate; posterior surface with anterior half transversely striate and posterior half slightly granulated, not striate; posterior surface shorter than scutum (7:14); pronotal tubercle reaching tegula. Scutum granulated, rugose and irregularly striate. Notauli absent. Scutellum shiny, unsculptured. Metanotum rugose. Propodeum with strong transverse keel between dorsal and posterior surface; dorsal surface dull, reticulate rugose; posterior surface dull, reticulate ruPageBreakgose, without longitudinal keels, with areolae about as large as those of dorsal surface. Forewing with two dark transverse bands; distal part of stigmal vein much shorter than proximal part (4:9). Protarsal segments in following proportions: 8:3:4:6:16. Segment 4 of protarsus slightly shorter than basal part of segment 5 (6:7). Enlarged claw (Figs 1B, 6F) with proximal prominence bearing one long bristle. Segment 5 of protarsus (Figs 1B, 6F) with basal part slightly shorter than distal part (7:9), with one row of 16 lamellae; distal apex bent and with 5 lamellae. Tibial spurs 1/1/2.

Unknown.

Because of the above diagnosis, the new species is similar to Olmi, 2005b. The main difference regards the segment 5 of the protarsus: with smaller lamellae and distal part slender in (Fig. 1F); with lamellae longer and distal part less slender in (Fig. 1B, 6F).

The species is named after the type locality, Kibale National Park.

Unknown.

Uganda.

(Benoit)**

Benoit, 1951c: 13.

Olmi, 1984: 363.

: Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Mabéa Bai, 21.4 km 53°NE Bayanga, 3°02.01'N, 16°24.57'E, 510 m, 4.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, marsh clearing, S. van Noort leg., 3♂♂ (SAMC); Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, 38.6 km 173°S Lidjombo, 2°21.60'N, 16°03.20'E, 350 m, 23.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 5♂♂ (SAMC); Reserve Speciale de Forêt dense de Dzanga-Sangha, 12.7 km 326°NW Bayanga, 3°00.27'N, 16°11.55'E, 420 m, 17.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 4♂♂ (SAMC). UGANDA: : Kibale Forest, Kanyawara (RMNH); Kibale National Park, Kanyawara Makerere University Biological Field Station, 0°34.390'S 30°21.658'E, 1587 m, 4–26.VIII.2008, YPT, primary mid-altitude rainforest, near stream, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC); same locality label, 0°33.836'N, 30°21.700'E, 1523 m, 4–26.VIII.2008, YPT, primary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 2♀♀, 2♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 0°33.891'N, 30°21.468'E, 1506 m, 4–26.VIII.2008, YPT, primary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♀, 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 0°33.996'S 30°21.262'E, 1495 m, 29–31.VII.2005, YPT, secondary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♀, 1♂ (MOLC); same locality label, 0°33.784'S 30°21.617'E, 1500 m, 12–26.VIII.2008, Malaise trap, primary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC).

(Guglielmino et al. 2013): in South Africa (Western Cape): (Naudé).

Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Madagascar, South Africa and Yemen (Azevedo et al. 2010; Olmi 1984, 2006; Olmi and van Harten 2006; Olmi et al. 2015). Newly recorded from Central African Republic and Uganda here.

sp. n.*

http://zoobank.org/6B7329B0-3AB5-4CFB-9A8A-BA707C74FD5C

Figs 1E , 7

Figure 7.

sp. n. Holotype male. A habitus, dorsal view B habitus lateral view (inset: data labels) C head, mesosoma dorsal view D head, mesosoma lateral view E head, anterior view F male genitalia (slide mounted).

HOLOTYPE: ♂, UGANDA: : Kibale National Park, Kanyawara Makerere University Biological Field Station, 0°33.408'S 30°22.603'E, 1587 m, 30.VII–5.VIII.2005, UG05-M10, Malaise trap, degraded mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg. (SAMC).

Male with head reticulate rugose and granulated; scutum with anterior third reticulate rugose and remaining surface sculptured by many longitudinal subparallel irregular keels; posterior surface of propodeum not provided with longitudinal keels; propodeum with strong transverse keel between dorsal and posterior surface; paramere (Figs 1E, 7F) without distal inner pointed or rounded process, slightly shorter than penis.

Fully winged; length 1.7 mm. Head black, except mandible testaceous; antenna brown, except segment 1 testaceous; mesosoma black; metasoma brown; legs testaceous-dark. Antenna filiform; antennal segments in following proportions: 9:4:4:4:4:4:4:4:4.5:7. Head completely reticulate rugose and granulated; frontal line complete; occipital carina complete; POL = 6; OL = 3; OOL = 4; OPL = 1.5; TL = 2; greatest breadth of posterior ocelli shorter than OL (2:3). Scutum dull, with anterior third reticulate rugose; remaining surface sculptured by many longitudinal subparallel irregular keels. Notauli very short, hardly visible near anterior margin of scutum. Scutellum and metanotum shiny, unsculptured. Propodeum with strong transverse keel between dorsal and posterior surface; dorsal surface reticulate rugose; posterior surface reticulate rugose, sculptured by areolae smaller than those of dorsal surface, without longitudinal keels. Forewing hyaline, without dark transverse bands or spots; distal part of stigmal vein much shorter than proximal part (2:6). Paramere (Figs 1E, 7F) without distal inner pointed process. Tibial spurs 1/1/2.

Unknown.

Because of the above diagnosis, the new species is similar to Olmi, 1987. The main difference regards the sculpture of the scutum: with anterior half reticulate rugose and remaining surface unsculptured, or slightly granulated in ; with anterior third reticulate rugose and remaining surface sculptured by many longitudinal subparallel irregular keels in .

The species is named after Makerere University.

Unknown.

Uganda.

sp. n.*

http://zoobank.org/B07F8CE4-936A-41C1-9F99-F330182085B4

Figs 1C , 8A–F

Figure 8.

sp. n. Holotype female. A habitus, dorsal view B habitus lateral view (inset: data labels) C head, mesosoma dorsal view D head, mesosoma lateral view E head, anterior view F chela (slide mounted).

HOLOTYPE: ♀, UGANDA: : Kibale National Park, Kanyawara Makerere University Biological Field Station, 0°35.405'S 30°21.646'E, 1484 m, 4–26.VIII.2008, UG08-KF10-Y02, YPT, primary mid-altitude rainforest, near stream, S. van Noort leg. (SAMC).

Female fully winged; head reticulate rugose, except vertex behind posterior ocelli and temple granulated; posterior surface of pronotum with raised carina on both anterior and lateral margins; posterior surface of propodeum reticulate rugose, without longitudinal keels; forewing with two dark transverse bands and distal part of stigmal vein less than 0.5 as long as proximal part; segment 4 of protarsus approximately longer than basal part of segment 5; segment 5 of protarsus (Figs 1C, 8F) with inner side curvilinear, with distinct apical region, with basal part shorter than distal part.

Fully winged; length 2.6 mm. Head black, except mandible and part of anterior half of clypeus testaceous; antenna testaceous; mesosoma black; metasoma brown; legs testaceous. Antenna clavate; antennal segments in following proportions: 8:6:7:6:5:5:6:6:6:8. Head dull, reticulate rugose, except vertex behind posterior ocelli and temple granulated; frontal line complete, partly continuing also behind the anterior ocellus; face with two lateral keels along orbits and directed towards antennal toruli; occipital carina complete; POL = 6; OL = 4; OOL = 4 OPL = 4; TL = 5; greatest breadth of posterior ocelli shorter than OPL (3:4). Pronotum with slight transverse anterior impression; anterior surface short, transversely striate, hidden behind head; posterior surface slightly shorter than scutum (11:14), shiny, granulated, except few irregular keels near anterior margin; posterior surface with raised carina on anterior and lateral margins; pronotal tubercle reaching tegula. Scutum shiny, slightly granulated, with some irregular keels on lateral surfaces. Notauli absent. Scutellum and metanotum shiny, unsculptured. Propodeum with transverse keel between dorsal and posterior surface; dorsal surface reticulate rugose; posterior surface reticulate rugose, with with areolae about as large as those of dorsal surface, without longitudinal keels. Forewing with two dark transverse bands; distal part of stigmal vein much shorter than proximal part (4:9). Protarsal segments in following proportions: 6:2:3:10:18; protarsal segment 2 produced into hook; protarsal segment 4 much longer than basal part of protarsal segment 5 (10:5). Enlarged claw (Figs 1C, 8F) with a proximal prominence bearing one long bristle. Segment 5 of protarsus (Figs 1C, 8F) with basal part much shorter than distal part (5:13), with two rows of 8+12 lamellae; distal apex with 4 lamellae. Tibial spurs 1/1/2.

Unknown.

Because of the above diagnosis, the new species is similar to Olmi, 1994a. The main difference regards the shape of the pronotum: without raised carinae in ; with raised carina on anterior and lateral margins in .

Named after the acronym of Makerere University Biological Field Station, where the holotype was collected. The field station is affectionately called “Mubfs” by those privileged to have experienced a stay there. Noun in apposition.

Unknown.

Uganda.

Olmi

Olmi, 2009: 451.

Olmi et al. (2015: CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: : Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Mabéa Bai,21.4 Km 53°NE Bayanga, 03°02'01"N 16°24'57"E, 510 m, 4–5.V.2001, Malaise trap, lowland rainforest, marsh clearing, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC).

Unknown.

Central African Republic, South Africa, Uganda (Olmi et al. 2015).

Olmi, Copeland & Guglielmino**

Fig. 9

Figure 9.

Olmi, Copeland & Guglielmino, 2015. Paratype male from Uganda, Kibale National Park. A habitus, dorsal view B habitus lateral view (inset: data labels) C head, mesosoma dorsal view D head, mesosoma lateral view E head, anterior view F male genitalia (slide mounted).

Olmi, Copeland & Guglielmino, 2015: 349.

Olmi et al. (2015: UGANDA: : Kibale National Park, Kanyawara Makerere University Biological Field Station, 0°33.871'S 30°21.355'E, 1495 m, 12–26.VIII.2008, UG08-KF2-M12, Malaise trap, secondary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 2 paratypes ♂♂ (SAMC). : Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, 38.6 km 173°S Lidjombo, 2°21.60'N, 16°03.20'E, 350 m, 23.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 2♂♂ (SAMC).

Unknown.

Kenya, Uganda (Olmi et al. 2015). Newly recorded from Central African Republic here.

Olmi

Olmi, 2005b: 233.

Olmi (2005b): UGANDA: : Mubende District, Mulange, XI.1922, R. Dummer leg., SAM-HYM-PO03772, holotype ♂ (SAMC). : Karkloof, 29°19.1'S 30°15.5'E, 1325 m, 25.VII–25.IX.2005, Malaise trap, M. Mostovski leg., 1♂ (NMSA).

Unknown.

Uganda (Olmi 2005b). Newly recorded from South Africa here.

Olmi*

Olmi, 1984: 366.

Olmi (1984): UGANDA: : Masaka District, Kawanda, XI.1942, T.H.C. Taylor leg., holotype ♀ (BMNH).

Unknown.

Uganda (Olmi 1984).

Olmi**

Olmi, 1984: 379.

: Kibale National Park, Kanyawara Makerere University Biological Field Station, 0°35.442'S 30°21.741'E, 1465 m, 10.VIII.2008, sweep, primary mid-altitude rainforest, near stream, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC).

Unknown.

Democratic Republic of the Congo and South Africa (Olmi 1984, 2006). Newly recorded from Uganda here.

Olmi

Olmi, 1984: 372.

Olmi (1984): UGANDA: : Masaka District, Kawanda, 16.VII.1943, T.H.C. Taylor leg., holotype ♀ (BMNH); same locality label, 15.VII.1943, VIII.1943, 2 paratypes ♀♀ (BMNH); same locality label, 9 paratypes (5♀♀, 4♂♂) (AMNH). : Serere District, Serere, VII.1943, T.H.C. Taylor leg., 6 paratypes ♀♀ (BMNH); Busoga Kingdom, Bussu, 1909, E. Bayon leg., 1♀ (MSNG).

Unknown.

Afrotropical, recorded from almost all sub-saharian countries, from Senegal and Mali to Kenya and Uganda (Olmi 1984, 2006; Olmi et al. 2015).

Olmi

Olmi, in Olmi & Copeland, 2011: 180.

(Olmi et al. 2015): CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: : Reserve Speciale de Forêt dense de Dzanga-Sangha, 12.7 km 326°NW Bayanga, 3°00.27'N, 16°11.55'E, 420 m, 17.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 6♂♂ (5 in SAMC, 1 in MOLC); Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Mabéa Bai, 21.4 km 53°NE Bayanga, 3°02.01'N, 16°24.57'E, 510 m, 4.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, marsh clearing, S. van Noort leg., 2♂♂ (SAMC).

Unknown.

Central African Republic, Kenya (Olmi et al. 2015).

Benoit**

: Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, 38.6 km 173°S Lidjombo, 2°21.60'N, 16°03.20'E, 350 m, 23.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 6♂♂ (SAMC). UGANDA: : Kibale National Park, Kanyawara PageBreakMakerere University Biological Field Station, 0°33.784'S 30°21.617'E, 1500 m, 2–12.VIII.2008, Malaise trap, primary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC).

Unknown.

Afrotropical, recorded from Gabon to Kenya (Olmi et al. 2015), in addition to Madagascar (Azevedo et al. 2010). Newly recorded from Central African Republic and Uganda here.

Subfamily Richards, 1939a

Genus Ashmead

Ashmead, 1893: 91.

Olmi**

Olmi, 1984: 629.

: Ankole, Kichwamba, 23–29.IV.1968, 1♀, 1♂ (USNM); same locality label, 1♀ (AMNH).

Unknown.

Afrotropical, recorded from Ghana to Somalia and Yemen (Olmi and van Harten 2006; Olmi et al. 2015), in addition to Madagascar (Azevedo et al. 2010. Newly recorded from Uganda here.

sp. n.*

http://zoobank.org/A1DB1304-4CB8-4463-B291-9AACB6EE5355

Figs 2A , 10

Figure 2.

A male genitalia of (right half removed) B, C chelae of holotypes: B C . Scale bar: 0.13 mm (A); 0.65 mm (B); 0.30 mm (C).

Figure 10.

sp. n. Holotype male. A habitus, dorsal view B habitus lateral view (inset: data labels) C head, mesosoma dorsal view D head, mesosoma lateral view E head, anterior view F male genitalia (slide mounted).

HOLOTYPE: ♂, UGANDA: : Kibale National Park, Kanyawara, Makerere University Biological Field Station, 0°33.836'N, 30°21.700"E, 1523 m, 12–26.VIII.2008, UG08-KF8-M18, Malaise trap, primary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg. (SAMC).

Male with OPL slightly longer than POL; antennal segment 6 less than twice as long as broad; scutum and scutellum completely reticulate rugose; notauli absent; posterior surface of propodeum with median area crossed by numerous transverse keels.

Fully winged; length 2.9 mm. Head black, except mandible testaceous; antenna brown, except segments 1–2 ferruginous; mesosoma black; metasoma brown; legs brown, with articulations, tarsi and protibia testaceous. Antenna filiform; antennal segments in following proportions: 14:6:8:8:7:7:7:7:7:10; antennal segment 6 less than twice as long as broad (7:5). Head convex, dull, covered with short hairs, completely reticulate rugose; clypeus reticulate rugose; frontal line complete, with pointed protrusion between antennal toruli; occipital carina complete; POL = 5; OL = 3; OOL = 7; OPL = 7; TL = 7; greatest breadth of posterior ocelli shorter than POL (4:5). Scutum, scutellum and metanotum dull, completely reticulate rugose. Notauli absent. Mesopleuron dull, reticulate rugose. Metapleuron dull, sculptured by numerous strong transverse keels. Propodeum with strong transverse keel between dorsal PageBreakand posterior surface; dorsal surface dull, reticulate rugose; posterior surface of propodeum with two complete longitudinal keels, median area crossed by many transverse keels and lateral areas completely reticulate rugose. Forewing hyaline, without dark transverse bands; distal part of stigmal vein about as long as proximal part. Genitalia as in Figs 2A, 10F. Tibial spurs 1/1/2.

Unknown.

Because of the above diagnosis, the new species is similar to (Benoit, 1954). The main differences regard OPL/POL ratio (OPL slightly longer than POL in ; OPL more than twice as long as POL in ) and the sculpture of the median area of posterior surface of propodeum (crossed by many transverse keels in ; partly unsculptured in ).

The species is named after the type locality, in Kibale National Park.

Unknown.

Uganda.

Subfamily Haliday, 1833

Genus Latreille

Latreille, 1804: 176.

(Olmi)

Olmi, 1984: 1008.

(Olmi):

(Olmi 1984; Olmi and Copeland 2011; Olmi et al. 2015): CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: : Boukoko, 1 paratype ♀, 1 paratype ♂ (MNHN).

In Central African Republic unidentified (Olmi 1984).

Central African Republic, Kenya, Sierra Leone (Olmi 1984; Olmi and Copeland 2011).

(Turner)

Turner, 1928: 149.

(Turner):

(Olmi et al. 2015): UGANDA: : Kibale National Park, Kanyawara, Makerere University Biological Field PageBreakStation, 0°33.823'N, 30°21.490'E, 1505 m, 4–26.VIII.2008, YPT, primary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC).

(Guglielmino et al. 2013): in South Africa and Swaziland: Muir.

Afrotropical, recorded from Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eritrea, Namibia, Somalia, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe (Olmi 1984, 2006, 2009).

sp. n.*

http://zoobank.org/C8876DFD-C537-442D-AC60-D2C36A488D44

Figs 2B , 11

Figure 11.

sp. n. Holotype female. A habitus, dorsal view B habitus lateral view (inset: data labels) C head, mesosoma dorsal view D head, mesosoma lateral view E head, anterior view F chela (slide mounted).

HOLOTYPE: ♀, UGANDA: : Kibale National Park, Kanyawara, Makerere University Biological Field Station, 0°33.836'N, 30°21.700'E, 1523 m, 4–26.VIII.2008, UG08-KF8-Y07, YPT, primary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC).

Female with head black, except mandible and clypeus testaceous; head flat, with posterior margin of vertex convex and TL more than twice as long as POL; head (dorsally viewed) provided with posterior ocelli placed behind imaginary straight line joining posterior edges of eyes; posterior ocelli almost touching occipital carina; head and scutum granulated and reticulate rugose, not sculptured by longitudinal keels or striae; pronotum black, except posterior collar ferruginous; posterior collar of pronotum present; propodeum black; segment 1 of protarsus slightly longer than segment 4; enlarged claw (Figs 2B, 11F) approximately as long as segment 5 of protarsus.

Fully winged; length 7.3 mm. Head black, except mandible and clypeus testaceous; antenna brown, except segments 1–2 and 10 testaceous, distal extremity of segment 4 and proximal third of segment 5 whitish; propleuron brown-black; pronotum black, except posterior collar ferruginous; rest of mesosoma black; metasoma brown-testaceous; legs testaceous. Antenna clavate; antennal segments in following proportions: 12:6:56:33:21:14:10:7:8:10; rhinaria present in segments 6-10. Head dull, granulated and reticulate rugose, without longitudinal keels; occipital carina complete; posterior ocelli almost touching occipital carina, situated just behind virtual straight line joining posterior edges of eyes; POL = 2; OL = 1.5; OOL = 12; OPL = 0.3; TL = 6; greatest breadth of posterior ocelli longer than POL (3:2). Pronotum dull, granulated, with numerous keels around disc, on lateral regions and anterior collar; pronotum crossed by slight anterior transverse impresion and strong posterior transverse furrow; anterior collar little distinct; posterior collar long; pronotal tubercle not reaching tegula. Scutum granulated and reticulate rugose, not sculptured by longitudinal keels. Notauli incomplete, reaching about 0.8 length of scutum. Scutellum granulated, weakly rugose. Metanotum rugose. Propodeum reticulate rugose, without longitudinal keels on posterior surface; dorsal surface much longer than posterior surface. Forewing with two dark transverse bands; distal part of stigmal vein much longer than proximal PageBreakpart (22:8). Protarsal segments in following proportions: 27:5:9:26:41. Segment 3 of protarsus produced into hook. Enlarged claw (Figs 2B, 11F) with one large subdistal tooth and one row of 13 lamellae. Segment 5 of protarsus (Figs 2B, 11F) with two rows of about 48 lamellae; distal apex with approximately 40 lamellae. Tibial spurs 1/1/2.

Unknown.

Because of the above diagnosis, the new species is similar to (Benoit, 1950b). The main difference regards the sculpture of the PageBreakhead and scutum: granulated and reticulate rugose, not sculptured by longitudinal keels or striae, in ; head granulated and with some longitudinal keels and scutum granulated and sculptured by many subparallel longitudinal keels in .

The species is named after the type locality, Kibale National Park.

Unknown.

Uganda.

(Ceballos)**

Ceballos, 1936: 48.

(Ceballos):

: Kibale National Park, Kanyawara, Makerere University Biological Field Station, 0°33.836'N, 30°21.700'E, 1523 m, 4–26.VIII.2008, YPT, primary mid-altitude rainforest, near stream, S. van Noort leg., 2♀♀ (SAMC).

Unknown.

Madagascar (Olmi 1984, 1994a), South Africa (Olmi 2006), Uganda. Newly recorded from Uganda here.

Olmi

Olmi, in Olmi & Copeland, 2011: 184.

(Olmi et al. 2015): CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: : Dzanga-Sangha Dense Forest Special Reserve, 12.7 km 326°NW Bayanga, 03°00'27"N 16°11'55"E, 420 m, 14–15.V.2001, Malaise trap, lowland rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC).

Unknown.

Kenya, Central African Republic (Olmi et al. 2015).

Olmi

Turner, 1928: 148 (preoccupied).

Olmi, Copeland & Guglielmino, 2015 (new name): 359.

(Olmi 1984): UGANDA: : Kampala District, Kampala, 1♀ (AEIC).

Unknown.

Recorded from many Afrotropical countries, from Nigeria to Somalia (Olmi and Copeland 2011).

(Olmi)

Olmi, 1984: 935.

(Olmi):

(Olmi 1984): UGANDA: : Kampala District, Kampala, ♀ holotype (AEIC).

Unknown.

Recorded from Uganda, Sierra Leone and South Africa (Olmi 1984, 2006, 2009).

(Benoit)

Benoit, 1950b: 226.

(Benoit):

(Olmi 1984; Olmi et al. 2015): CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: : 150 km NWW Mbaiki, 04°03'N, 17°02'E, 620 m, 14.VI.2009, J. Halada leg., 1♀ (OLL). UGANDA: : Kampala District, Kampala, IV.1936, T.H.C. Taylor leg., 1♀ (BMNH).

(Guglielmino et al. 2013): in Mozambique: Spinola.

Afrotropical, recorded from Burundi, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Mozambique and Uganda (Olmi et al. 2015).

Genus Olmi

Olmi, 1991: 365.

(Olmi)**

Olmi, 1984: 692.

(Olmi):

(Olmi 1984, 1991): UGANDA: : Kampala District, Kampala, ♀ holotype (AEIC); same locality label as holotype, 1 ♀ paratype (AMNH). : Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Mabéa Bai, 21.4 km 53°NE Bayanga, 3°02.01'N, 16°24.57'E, 510 m, 6.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, marsh clearing, CAR01-S48, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC).

Unknown.

Recorded from South Africa and Uganda (Olmi 1984). Newly recorded from Central African Republic here.

Subfamily Kieffer, in Kieffer & Marshall, 1906

Genus Perkins

Perkins, 1903: 36.

Benoit**

Benoit, 1954: 397.

: Masaka District, Kawanda, X.1942, T. H. C. Taylor leg., 1♂ (BMNH).

(Guglielmino et al. 2013): in Egypt: nymphs of (Horváth) and (Haupt); in Mozambique: Fennah.

Recorded from many Afrotropical countries, from the Cape Verde Islands, Niger and Senegal to Madagascar and Somalia, in addition to Oman and Egypt (Olmi 1984, 1994b, 2006; Olmi et al. 2015). Newly recorded from Uganda here.

Ponomarenko**

Ponomarenko, 1970: 432.

: Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Mabéa Bai, 21.4 km 53°NE Bayanga, 3°02.01'N, 16°24.57'E, 510 m, 7.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, marsh clearing, S. van Noort leg., 19♂♂ (18 in SAMC, 1 in MOLC).

(Guglielmino et al. 2013): in the Afrotropical region: in the Cape Verde Islands: (Ashmead); in Mozambique: (Fennah), (Fieber).

Recorded from many Afrotropical countries (from the Cape Verde Islands to Somalia, including Madagascar and South Africa), in addition to many European countries, Oman, Yemen and the United Arab Emirates (Azevedo et al. 2010; Olmi 1999b, 2004c, 2005c, 2008; Olmi and van Harten 2000, 2006). Newly recorded from Central African Republic here.

Olmi, 1984: 1126.

(Benoit)

Benoit, 1950b: 227.

(Benoit):

Olmi (1984): UGANDA: : Mubende District, Namutamba, 2♀♀ (BMNH, AMNH); : Rukungiri District, Rujumbura County, Ruzumbura (= Rujumbura; Ruzhumbura; Ruzumbusa, misspellings in Olmi 1984) [00°40’ 00” S, 029°52’ 00” E], V.1939, T.H.C. Taylor leg., 1♀ (BMNH); : Masindi District, Budongo Forest near Sonso, 01°45'N, 31°35'E, VI.1995, Th. Wagner leg., 1♀ (CNCI).

Unknown.

Recorded from Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda and Zimbabwe (Olmi 1984).

Olmi

Olmi, 1984: 1135.

Olmi (1984): UGANDA: : Kampala District, Kampala, ♀ holotype (AEIC). : Bouaké, 11.X.1980, Pitfall trap, 1♀ (AMNH).

Unknown.

Uganda (Olmi 1984). Newly recorded from Ivory Coast here.

Genus Ljungh

Ljungh, 1810: 161.

(Fenton)

Fenton, 1927: 6.

Benoit, 1951a: 300 (synonymized by

(Fenton):

Olmi (1984): UGANDA: : Busiki (=Namutumba) District, Bululo (= actually Bulule ?), 1909, E. Bayon leg., ♀ holotype of (MSNG); Serere District, Serere, VII.1943, T.H.C. Taylor leg., 1♀ (BMNH). : Masaka District, Kawanda, V.1943, VI.1943, T.H.C. Taylor leg., 3♀♀, 3♂♂ (BMNH); same locality label, 1♀, 1♂ (AMNH).

(Guglielmino et al. 2013): in the Afrotropical region: in Namibia: (Naudé); in South Africa: (Ferrari) (= (Scott)).

Recorded from many countries of the Palaearctic, Afrotropical and Nearctic Regions (Olmi et al. 2015); in Africa recorded from many sub-saharian countries, from Benin to South Africa and Ethiopia (Olmi 1984, 2006).

Olmi**

Olmi, 2011: 64.

: Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Mabéa Bai,21.4 km 53°NE Bayanga, 03°02'01"N 16°24'57"E, 510 m, 6–7.V.2001, Malaise trap, lowland rainforest, marsh clearing, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC).

Unknown.

Cameroon (Olmi 2011). Newly recorded from Central African Republic here.

(Benoit)

Benoit, 1951a: 298.

(Benoit):

Benoit (1951a): UGANDA: : Busoga Kingdom, Bussu, 1910, E. Bayon leg., ♀ holoype (MSNG); same locality label as holotype, 1 ♀ paratype (MRAC) (collecting data have been wrongly reported as “Bussu - 1909” in the original description of Benoit (1951) (Penati & Olmi 2011)).

(Guglielmino et al. 2013): in Mozambique: Ross ; in South Africa: Ross and (Kirschbaum).

Recorded from Mozambique, South Africa and Uganda (Olmi 1984, 1998b, 2006).

Olmi

Olmi, 1984: 1607.

Olmi et al. (2015): UGANDA: : Masaka District, Kawanda, VI.1943, T. H. C. Taylor leg., 1♀ (BMNH).

Unknown.

Recorded from Kenya, South Africa and Uganda (Olmi 1984, 2006; Olmi et al. 2015).

Olmi

Olmi, 1984: 1613.

Olmi (1984): UGANDA: : Masaka District, Kawanda, 7.VII.1943, T.H.C. Taylor leg., ♀ holotype (BMNH).

(Guglielmino et al. 2013): in Burkina Faso: China; in Democratic Republic of the Congo: (Naudé); in Nigeria: China; in South Africa: (Kirschbaum); in Tanzania: (Melichar).

Afrotropical, broadly spread from the Cape Verde Islands and Burkina Faso to Uganda, in addition to Madagascar, Yemen and Oman (Azevedo et al. 2010; Olmi 1984, 1994b, 1994a, 2006; Olmi and van Harten 2000).

sp. n.*

http://zoobank.org/3DC58361-799F-4D33-BEBC-19557810BB35

Figs 2C , 3A , 3B , 12

Figure 3.

Mesosoma in dorsal (prothorax removed) and lateral view of holotypes: A, B (rounded protrusions of metanotum indicated by arrows) C, D E, F . Scale bar: 0.87 mm (A, C, F); 1.03 mm (B); 0.74 mm (D); 0.80 mm (E).

Figure 12.

sp. n. Holotype female. A habitus, dorsal view B habitus lateral view (inset: data labels) C head, mesosoma dorsal view D head, mesosoma lateral view E head, anterior view F chela (slide mounted).

: ♀, UGANDA: : Kibale National Park, Kanyawara, Makerere University Biological Field Station, 0°33.871'N, 30°21.355'E, 1495 m, 4–26.VIII.2008, UG08-KF2-Y03, YPT, primary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg. (SAMC). Paratype: same locality label as , 1♀ (SAMC).

Female with temples without sharp carina; mesosoma black, except posterior third of scutum yellow; scutum less than twice as long as broad, with two lateral pointed apophyses; metanotum very hollow behind scutellum (Fig. 3B), with sides protruding (protrusions rounded) (Fig. 3A); meso-metapleural suture distinct and complete; mesopleuron without lateral pointed prominence; metathorax + propodeum without strong median furrow, shiny, with anterior surface sculptured by numerous longitudinal striae, unsculptured among striae; segment 1 of protarsus shorter PageBreakthan segment 4; subapical tooth of enlarged claw situated very far from distal apex (Figs 2C, 12F).

Apterous; length 3.5–4.0 mm. Head brown-black, except mandible, clypeus, anterior half of face (with short stripe along orbits) and ventral side whitish; antenna brown, except segments 1–2 and proximal third of 3 whitish, segment 10 testaceous; mesosoma black, except posterior third of scutum yellow; PageBreakmetasoma brown-testaceous; fore leg brown, except part of coxa, trochanter, stalk of femur, part of tibiae and part of chela testaceous; mid leg brown, except part of coxa, trochanter, part of femur and tibia, tarsus testaceous; hind leg brown, except distal extremity of coxa, trochanter, part of femur, tibia and tarsus testaceous. Antenna clavate; antennal segments in following proportions: 9:6:21:12:9:9:7:6:5:9. Head excavated, shiny, unsculptured; frontal line incomplete, absent in anterior third of face; occipital carina absent; POL = 2.5; OL = 2; OOL = 10. Palpal formula: 6/3. Pronotum crossed by strong transverse furrow, shiny, unsculptured. Scutum shiny, sculptured by numerous longitudinal striae, laterally with two strong pointed apophyses situated on sides of scutellum. Scutellum shiny, smooth, inclined. Metanotum very long, transversely striate and hollow behind scutellum (Fig. 3B), with sides protruding (protrusions rounded) (Fig. 3A). Metathorax + propodeum shiny, with anterior surface sculptured by numerous longitudinal striae, unsculptured among striae; posterior surface of propodeum, mesopleuron and metapleuron transversely striate. Meso-metapleural suture distinct and complete. Protarsal segments in following proportions: 17:3:6:20:31. Segment 3 of protarsus produced into hook. Enlarged claw (Figs 2C, 12F) with one small subapical tooth and one row of four small lamellae + one bristle. Segment 5 of protarsus (Figs 2C, 12F) with two rows of 1 (proximal) + 20 lamellae; distal apex with approximately 14 lamellae. Tibial spurs 1/0/1.

Unknown.

Because of the above diagnosis, the new species is similar to (Benoit, 1954) and Olmi, 2010. The main difference regards the metanotum (with sides protruding (rounded protrusions) in (Fig. 3A); with sides rounded and not protruding in the other two species (Figs 3D, E)).

The species is named after the type locality, Kanyawara.

Unknown.

Uganda.

Olmi**

Olmi, 2007b: 224.

: Reserve Speciale de forêt dense de Dzanga-Sangha, 12.7 km 326°NW Bayanga, 3°00.27'N, 16°11.55'E, 420 m, 11–12.V.2001, Malaise trap, lowland rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC).

Unknown.

South Africa (Olmi 2007b, 2009). Newly recorded from Central African Republic here.

Olmi

Olmi, 1984: 1634 (preoccupied).

Olmi, 1993: 80 (new name).

Olmi (1984): UGANDA: CENTRAL REGION, Mukono district: Kyagwe (= Kyagur: mistake in original description) [00°25'00"N, 032°50'00"E], XI.1938, T.H.C. Taylor leg., ♀ holotype (BMNH). : 6 mi. S Kumba, 180 m, 1♀ (AMNH). SOUTH AFRICA: : Die Dam, 24.II.2006, M. Olmi reared ex (Cogan), 1♀ (MOLC). UGANDA: : Masindi District, Budongo Forest near Sonso, 01°45'N, 31°35'E, VI.1995, Th. Wagner leg., 1♀ (CNCI).

(Guglielmino et al. 2013): in South Africa: (Cogan).

Recorded from Uganda (Guglielmino and Olmi 2007; Olmi 1984). Newly recorded from Cameroon and South Africa here.

Olmi

Olmi, 1984: 1628.

Olmi (1984): UGANDA: : Sironko District, Bugusege (= Bugusaga, misspelt in Olmi 1984) [01°07'20"N, 034°15'55"E], XI.1938, T.H.C. Taylor leg., ♀ holotype (BMNH). : Mubende District, Namutamba, 9.VII.1940, T.H.C. Taylor leg., 1♀ paratype (BMNH); : Mayuge district, Bugota [00°20'00"N, 033°37'00"E], 1♀ paratype (AMNH).

Unknown.

Recorded from Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, South Africa and Uganda (Olmi 1984; Olmi and Copeland 2011).

Perkins, 1905: 50.

Benoit**

Benoit, 1954: 402.

: Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Mabéa Bai, 21.4 km 53°NE PageBreakBayanga, 3°02.01'N, 16°24.57'E, 510 m, 6.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, marsh clearing, CAR01-S70, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC). DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO: : Lubumbashi (= Elisabethville), 30.III.1939, 1♀ (IRSN). ZAMBIA: : Lusaka, 17.I.1980, Malaise trap, R.A. Beaver leg., 1♀ (AMNH).

Unknown.

Madagascar (Benoit 1954; Olmi 1984). Newly recorded from Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo and Zambia here.

Olmi**

Olmi, 2004b: 179.

: Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Mabéa Bai, 21.4 km 53°NE Bayanga, 3°02.01'N, 16°24.57'E, 510 m, 4.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, marsh clearing, CAR01-S24, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC). UGANDA: : Kibale National Park, Kanyawara, Makerere University Biological Field Station, 0°34.390'N, 30°21.658'E, 1587 m, 4–26.VIII.2008, YPT, primary mid-altitude rainforest, near stream, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC).

Unknown.

Cameroon (Olmi 2004b). Newly recorded from Central African Republic and Uganda here.

Genus Ashmead

Ashmead, 1893: 79.

Olmi**

Olmi, 1996: 102.

Material examined.

: Kibale National Park, Kanyawara, Makerere University Biological Field Station, 0°33.996'N, 30°21.262'E, 1495 m, 3–5.VIII.2005, Malaise trap, secondary mid-altitude rainforest, UG05-M12, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC).

Hosts.

Unknown.

Distribution.

Recorded from Gabon, Kenya, Malawi, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe (Olmi and Copeland 2011). Newly recorded from Uganda here.

Olmi**

Olmi, 1999a: 2.

: Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, 38.6 km 173°S Lidjombo, 2°21'60"N 16°03'20"E, 350 m, 21–22.V.2001, Malaise trap, lowland rainforest, CAR01-M172, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC).

Unknown.

Recorded from Madagascar (Olmi 1999a), Kenya and South Africa (Olmi et al. 2015). Newly recorded from Central African Republic here.

Genus Westwood

Westwood, 1833: 444.

Olmi**

Olmi, 1997: 141.

: Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, 38.6 km 173°S Lidjombo, 2°21'60"N 16°03'20"E, 350 m, 24–25.V.2001, Malaise trap, lowland rainforest, CAR01-M200, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 24–25.V.2001, CAR01-M204, 2♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 23–24.V.2001, CAR01-M189, 3♂♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 23–24.V.2001, CAR01-M193, 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 26–27.V.2001, CAR01-M227, 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 26–27.V.2001, CAR01-M226, 3♂♂ (1 in SAMC, 2 in MOLC); same locality label, 25–26.V.2001, CAR01-M211, 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 25–26.V.2001, CAR01-M212, 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 25–26.V.2001, CAR01-M215, 1♂ (SAMC); same locality label, 25–26.V.2001, CAR01-M214, 1♂ (SAMC).

Unknown.

Recorded from Burundi, Kenya, Madagascar, São Tomé and Principe, South Africa (Olmi 1997, Olmi and Copeland 2011).

Genus Yasumatsu

Yasumatsu, 1958: 21.

Olmi

Olmi, 2005a: 87.

Olmi (2005a): UGANDA: : Mbarara District, 25 mi. S Mbarara, 10.XII.1957. Ex , E. Ross reared, 1 ♀ paratype (CASC).

(Olmi 2005a): in Cameroon: sp., sp.; in Ivory Coast: sp., sp., sp., unidentified , unidentified ; in Kenya: (Westwood); in Tanzania: unidentified ; in Uganda: sp.

Recorded from many Afrotropical countries (Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Tanzania, Uganda), in addition to Yemen (Olmi 2005a; Olmi et al. 2015).

Ashmead, 1902: 270.

Richards**

Richards, 1939b: 211.

: Reserve Speciale de Forêt dense de Dzanga-Sangha, 12.7 km 326°NW Bayanga, 3°00.27'N, 16°11.55'E, 420 m, 15–16.V.2001, Malaise trap, lowland rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 2♂♂ (SAMC); Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, 38.6 km 173°S Lidjombo, 2°21'60"N 16°03'20"E, 350 m, 21–22.V.2001, Malaise trap, lowland rainforest, CAR01-M173, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC).

(Olmi 2005a): in the Afrotropical region: Congo: sp., sp., ; in Tanzania: .

Recorded from many Nearctic, Neotropical and Afrotropical countries (Olmi 2005a). In Africa known from Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa and Tanzania (Olmi 2005a; Olmi and Copeland 2011; Olmi et al. 2015).

Genus Riggio & De Stefani-Perez

Riggio & De Stefani-Perez, 1888: 19.

Benoit**

Benoit, 1963: 84.

: Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Mabéa Bai, 21.4 km 53°NE Bayanga, 3°02.01'N, 16°24.57'E, 510 m, 1–7.V.2001, YPT, lowland rainforest, marsh clearing, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ (SAMC). MALI: : Katibougou, 2008, Malaise trap, D. Sommaggio leg., 1♂ (MOLC).

(Olmi 2005a): in Algeria: Ross; in Tunisia: (Rimsky-Korsakow). No hosts are known in the Afrotropical region.

Recorded from Algeria and Tunisia (Olmi 2005a). Newly recorded from the Afrotropical region (Central African Republic and Mali).

Riggio & De Stefani-Perez

Riggio & De Stefani-Perez, 1888: 146.

Olmi (2005a): CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: : Zemio, 05°45'N, 25°15'E, 6.III.1948, Neal A. Weber leg., 1♂ (AMNH).

(Olmi 2005a): in Algeria: Ross. No hosts are known in the Afrotropical region.

Recorded from many Palaearctic and Afrotropical countries (Olmi 2005a). In Africa known from Central African Republic, Kenya, Niger and Northern Africa (Olmi 2005a; Olmi and Copeland 2011).

Olmi

Olmi, 2005a: 149.

Olmi (2005a): UGANDA: : Wakiso District, Entebbe, 3700’, 14.V.1972, Malaise trap, H. Falke leg., 1♀ paratype (CNCI).

(Olmi 2005a). No hosts are known in the Afrotropical region. The unique hosts are known in the Philippines and Taiwan ( species).

Recorded from Afrotropical and Oriental countries (Olmi 2005a). In Africa known only from Kenya and Uganda (Olmi 2005a; Olmi and Copeland 2011; Olmi et al. 2015).

Olmi**

Olmi, 2005a: 160.

: Reserve Speciale de Forêt dense de Dzanga-Sangha, 12.7 km 326°NW Bayanga, 3°00.27'N, 16°11.55'E, 420 m, 15–16.V.2001, Malaise trap, lowland rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 2♂♂ (SAMC).

(Olmi 2005a): in Angola: sp., sp.; in Cameroon: sp.; in Democratic Republic of the Congo: sp., sp.; in Kenya: (= Dictyoploca) burensis (Rimsky-Korsakov); in Malawi: sp.

Recorded from many Afrotropical and Oriental countries (Olmi 2005a). In Africa known from Angola, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ghana. Kenya and Malawi (Olmi 2005a; Olmi and Copeland 2011; Olmi et al. 2015). Newly recorded from Central African Republic.

Benoit

Benoit, 1950a: 133.

Olmi et al. 2015: CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: : Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, 38.6 km 173°S Lidjombo, 02°21.60'N, 16°03.20'E, 350 m, 24–25.V.2001, lowland rainforest, Malaise trap, S. van Noort leg., CAR01-M206, 1♂ (UKIC). UGANDA: : Kibale National Park, Kanyawara, Makerere University Biological Field Station, 0°34.405'N, 30°21.646'E, 1484 m, 16–26.VIII.2008, Malaise trap, primary mid-altitude rainforest, near stream, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ (SAMC).

(Olmi 2005a): in Ivory Coast: sp.; in South Africa: sp.; in Zambia: sp.

Recorded from many countries of the world, excluding the Australian region (Olmi 2005a). In Africa known from Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Madagascar, Mali, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Yemen and Northern Africa (Azevedo et al. 2010; Olmi 2005a; Olmi and Copeland 2011; Olmi et al. 2015).

(Bridwell)

Bridwell, 1919: 36.

(Bridwell):

Olmi 2005a: UGANDA: : Mbarara District, 10 mi. SE Mbarara, 1300 m, Matured 19.I.1958, E. Ross reared, 1♂ (CASC).

(Olmi 2005a): in Kenya: sp., sp., sp., sp.

Recorded from many countries of the world, excluding the Neotropical Region (Olmi 2005a). In Africa known from Burundi, Kenya, Madagascar, Somalia, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda and Northern Africa (Olmi 2005a; Olmi and Copeland 2011). Known also in Yemen (Olmi 2005a).

Discussion

The checklist of the , and of Central African Republic and Uganda presented in this paper includes 23 species of , two species of and three species of known from Central African Republic; 39 species of , one species of and four species of known from Uganda. Seventeen species of , two species of and one species of were newly recorded from Central African Republic; sixteen species of and one species of were reported for the first time in Uganda.

With 1827 species worldwide (Olmi and Xu 2015), is one of the three largest families in the , the other two being and . With the possible exception of Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique and South Africa, the dryinid fauna of the Afrotropical Region, like that of many families of micro-, is poorly known. A comparison with the better known Afrotropical countries shows the following situation: in Madagascar 123 species of , six species of and seven species of are recorded (Azevedo et al. 2010); in South Africa 174 species of (unpublished datum; 119 reported by Olmi (2006)), seven species of (unpublished datum; six reported by Olmi (2006)) and six species of are recorded (Olmi 2005a); in Mozambique 45 species of (Olmi et al. 2012), no species of (unpublished datum) and three species of are known (Olmi et al. 2015); in Kenya 76 species of , six species of and 12 species of are reported by Olmi et al. (2015).

Hosts of are known for 12 of the 52 species reported in the presented checklists in this paper, but no new host associations were established during the recent inventory surveys conducted in Uganda and Central African Republic. No hosts of are known in the entire Afrotropical region. Host associations are better known for the , mainly due to the rearing out of parasitized hosts carried out by Edward S. Ross: the hosts are known for seven of the eight species reported in the presented checklists, in one case as a result of rearing of adult wasps in Uganda.

Further baseline species inventory and establishment of host associations are required across the majority of the countries in the region to enable assessment of overall species richness and biology of the Afrotropical fauna for these families.