Yoo-Kang Kwak1, Kyubo Kim2, Jong Hoon Lee3, Sung Hwan Kim1, Hyeon Min Cho1, Dae Yong Kim4, Tae Hyun Kim4, Sun Young Kim4, Ji Yeon Baek4, Jae Hwan Oh4, Taek Keun Nam5, Mee Sun Yoon5, Jae Uk Jeong5, Eui Kyu Chie6, Hong Seok Jang7, Jae Sung Kim8. 1. Center for Colorectal Cancer, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Republic of Korea. 2. Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea. 3. Center for Colorectal Cancer, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: koppul@catholic.ac.kr. 4. Center for Colorectal Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea. 5. Department of Radiation Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. 6. Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea. 7. Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Republic of Korea. 8. Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, College of Medicine, Bundang, Republic of Korea.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The definite surgical timing in rectal cancer after preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has not yet been fully examined. We assess the tumor response and identify the optimal operation timing after preoperative CRT in rectal cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The study included data of 1786 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (cT3-4N0-2M0). They received preoperative CRT followed by total mesorectal excision. Total radiation dose was 50.4Gy in 28 fractions. Interval time between preoperative CRT and surgery ranged from 2 to 26weeks, with a median interval of 7.2weeks. Primary endpoint was to evaluate the period of highest downstaging and pathological complete response (ypCR) rates to determine the optimal timing for curative surgery after CRT. RESULTS: Downstaging rates peaked between 6 and 7weeks after CRT and declined afterward. ypCR rates increased from 5 to 6weeks after CRT and decreased after 9 to 10weeks. Downstaging rates were similar between the two arms showing 36.9% in the early arm (⩽7weeks) and 37.0% in the delayed arm (>7weeks). ypCR rates were significantly higher in the delayed arm, as compared to the early arm (12.3% vs. 8.6%, p=0.011). The delayed arm had higher sphincter preservation rates than the early arm with a marginal significance (92.4% vs. 89.9%, p=0.078). There was no statistically significant difference regarding relapse-free survival and overall survival between the two arms. CONCLUSIONS: ypCR rates increased after 5weeks and decreased after 10weeks and the delayed (>7weeks after CRT) group showed significantly increased ypCR rates than the early arm (⩽7weeks after CR). The optimal timing for curative surgery in rectal cancer when tumor response is maximal is after 7weeks and before 10weeks following preoperative CRT.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The definite surgical timing in rectal cancer after preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has not yet been fully examined. We assess the tumor response and identify the optimal operation timing after preoperative CRT in rectal cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The study included data of 1786 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (cT3-4N0-2M0). They received preoperative CRT followed by total mesorectal excision. Total radiation dose was 50.4Gy in 28 fractions. Interval time between preoperative CRT and surgery ranged from 2 to 26weeks, with a median interval of 7.2weeks. Primary endpoint was to evaluate the period of highest downstaging and pathological complete response (ypCR) rates to determine the optimal timing for curative surgery after CRT. RESULTS: Downstaging rates peaked between 6 and 7weeks after CRT and declined afterward. ypCR rates increased from 5 to 6weeks after CRT and decreased after 9 to 10weeks. Downstaging rates were similar between the two arms showing 36.9% in the early arm (⩽7weeks) and 37.0% in the delayed arm (>7weeks). ypCR rates were significantly higher in the delayed arm, as compared to the early arm (12.3% vs. 8.6%, p=0.011). The delayed arm had higher sphincter preservation rates than the early arm with a marginal significance (92.4% vs. 89.9%, p=0.078). There was no statistically significant difference regarding relapse-free survival and overall survival between the two arms. CONCLUSIONS: ypCR rates increased after 5weeks and decreased after 10weeks and the delayed (>7weeks after CRT) group showed significantly increased ypCR rates than the early arm (⩽7weeks after CR). The optimal timing for curative surgery in rectal cancer when tumor response is maximal is after 7weeks and before 10weeks following preoperative CRT.
Authors: C A Kim; S Ahmed; S Ahmed; B Brunet; H Chalchal; R Deobald; C Doll; M P Dupre; V Gordon; R M Lee-Ying; H Lim; D Liu; J M Loree; J P McGhie; K Mulder; J Park; B Yip; R P Wong; A Zaidi Journal: Curr Oncol Date: 2018-08-14 Impact factor: 3.677
Authors: Scott C Fligor; Sophie Wang; Benjamin G Allar; Savas T Tsikis; Ana Sofia Ore; Ashlyn E Whitlock; Rodrigo Calvillo-Ortiz; Kevin R Arndt; Sidhu P Gangadharan; Mark P Callery Journal: J Gastrointest Surg Date: 2020-06-30 Impact factor: 3.452