Living Donor Lung Transplantation for Pleuroparenchymal Fibroelastosis.

We report the first patient with pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) to undergo living donor bilateral lobar lung transplantation. The patient was diagnosed with secondary PPFE as a late complication of chemotherapy that included high-dose cyclophosphamide for mature B-cell lymphocytic leukemia. Although the patient maintained complete remission, dry cough and back pain appeared 8 years after the chemotherapy. He had repeated bilateral pneumothoraces, and his respiratory condition gradually deteriorated because of progressive pleural thickening and parenchymal fibrosis. He underwent living-donor bilateral lobar lung transplantation with an inverse transplant on the left side.