Young-Ho Kim1, Eun Lee2, Hyun-Ju Cho3, Song-I Yang4, Young-Ho Jung5, Hyung Young Kim6, Ju-Hee Seo7, Hyo-Bin Kim8, So-Yeon Lee4, Dae-Jin Song9, Woo-Kyung Kim10, Gwang-Cheon Jang11, Jung-Yeon Shim12, Eun-Jin Kim13, Joo-Shil Lee14, Ji-Won Kwon15, Soo-Jong Hong16. 1. Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea. 2. Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea. 3. Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. 4. Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea. 5. Department of Pediatrics, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea. 6. Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea. 7. Department of Pediatrics, Dankuk University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea. 8. Department of Pediatrics, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. 9. Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea. 10. Department of Pediatrics, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. 11. Department of Pediatrics, National Health Insurance Corporation Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea. 12. Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. 13. Division of Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea. 14. National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea. 15. Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea. pedas@snubh.org. 16. Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. sjhong@amc.seoul.kr.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Bronchial hyper-responsiveness (BHR) is a key feature of asthma. The degree of BHR in children may be altered by several factors. We evaluated the prevalence of BHR according to age and gender in pediatric and adolescent population and analyzed the associated factors for gender differences. METHODS: Among the 2,067 subjects, methacholine challenge tests were performed in 1,820 children from one elementary and one middle school in Seoul, Korea. A total of 1,725 subjects between 6 and 14 years old were included in the analysis. The prevalence of BHR, defined as a provocative concentration that induced a 20% reduction of FEV1 (PC20 ) that was less than 8 mg/ml, was evaluated according to age and gender. Gender differences associated with BHR prevalence at each age were calculated and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with BHR by gender. RESULTS: The prevalence of BHR (PC20 ≤ 8 mg/ml) for each gender decreased with age (P < 0.001). Although the prevalence of BHR linearly decreased in males with age, females showed an increase after 11 years of age. BHR in males was associated with a younger age (aOR, 0.797; 95%CI, 0.678-0.925), a higher blood eosinophil counts (%) (aOR, 1.160; 95%CI, 1.047-1.284), atopy (aOR, 2.091; 95%CI, 1.003-4.359), and a lower FEV1 /FVC ratio (aOR, 0.947; 95%CI, 0.901-0.995), and FEF25-75% (aOR, 0.980; 95%CI, 0.961-0.999). In females, BHR was significantly associated with a younger age (aOR, 0.845; 95%CI, 0.747-0.957), lower FEV1 (%) (aOR, 0.961; 95%CI, 0.938-0.984), and menarche (aOR, 3.674; 95%CI, 1.226-11.012). CONCLUSION: BHR declined with age in the Korean pediatric population. A younger age and reduced lung function were common factors related to BHR in both genders. Additionally, atopy was related to BHR in males, whereas sexual maturation was related to BHR in females. These findings have important clinical implications for evaluating of childhood BHR and asthma related to gender. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016;51:1040-1047.
PURPOSE: Bronchial hyper-responsiveness (BHR) is a key feature of asthma. The degree of BHR in children may be altered by several factors. We evaluated the prevalence of BHR according to age and gender in pediatric and adolescent population and analyzed the associated factors for gender differences. METHODS: Among the 2,067 subjects, methacholine challenge tests were performed in 1,820 children from one elementary and one middle school in Seoul, Korea. A total of 1,725 subjects between 6 and 14 years old were included in the analysis. The prevalence of BHR, defined as a provocative concentration that induced a 20% reduction of FEV1 (PC20 ) that was less than 8 mg/ml, was evaluated according to age and gender. Gender differences associated with BHR prevalence at each age were calculated and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with BHR by gender. RESULTS: The prevalence of BHR (PC20 ≤ 8 mg/ml) for each gender decreased with age (P < 0.001). Although the prevalence of BHR linearly decreased in males with age, females showed an increase after 11 years of age. BHR in males was associated with a younger age (aOR, 0.797; 95%CI, 0.678-0.925), a higher blood eosinophil counts (%) (aOR, 1.160; 95%CI, 1.047-1.284), atopy (aOR, 2.091; 95%CI, 1.003-4.359), and a lower FEV1 /FVC ratio (aOR, 0.947; 95%CI, 0.901-0.995), and FEF25-75% (aOR, 0.980; 95%CI, 0.961-0.999). In females, BHR was significantly associated with a younger age (aOR, 0.845; 95%CI, 0.747-0.957), lower FEV1 (%) (aOR, 0.961; 95%CI, 0.938-0.984), and menarche (aOR, 3.674; 95%CI, 1.226-11.012). CONCLUSION: BHR declined with age in the Korean pediatric population. A younger age and reduced lung function were common factors related to BHR in both genders. Additionally, atopy was related to BHR in males, whereas sexual maturation was related to BHR in females. These findings have important clinical implications for evaluating of childhood BHR and asthma related to gender. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016;51:1040-1047.
Authors: W Gerald Teague; Brenda R Phillips; John V Fahy; Sally E Wenzel; Anne M Fitzpatrick; Wendy C Moore; Annette T Hastie; Eugene R Bleecker; Deborah A Meyers; Stephen P Peters; Mario Castro; Andrea M Coverstone; Leonard B Bacharier; Ngoc P Ly; Michael C Peters; Loren C Denlinger; Sima Ramratnam; Ronald L Sorkness; Benjamin M Gaston; Serpil C Erzurum; Suzy A A Comhair; Ross E Myers; Joe Zein; Mark D DeBoer; Anne-Marie Irani; Elliot Israel; Bruce Levy; Juan Carlos Cardet; Wanda Phipatanakul; Jonathan M Gaffin; Fernando Holguin; Merritt L Fajt; Shean J Aujla; David T Mauger; Nizar N Jarjour Journal: J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract Date: 2017-08-31
Authors: Sungsu Jung; Dong In Suh; So Yeon Lee; Jisun Yoon; Hyun Ju Cho; Young Ho Kim; Song I Yang; Ji Won Kwon; Gwang Cheon Jang; Yong Han Sun; Sung Il Woo; You Sook Youn; Kang Seo Park; Hwa Jin Cho; Myung Hee Kook; Hye Ryoung Yi; Hai Lee Chung; Ja Hyeong Kim; Hyung Young Kim; Jin A Jung; Hyang Ok Woo; Soo Jong Hong Journal: Allergy Asthma Immunol Res Date: 2018-09 Impact factor: 5.764