Vânia R Leite-Silva1,2, David C Liu1, Washington Y Sanchez1, Hauke Studier3, Yousuf H Mohammed1, Amy Holmes3, Wolfgang Becker4, Jeffrey E Grice1, Heather Ae Benson5, Michael S Roberts1,3. 1. Therapeutics Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia. 2. Instituto de Ciências Ambientais Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema SP, Brazil. 3. School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, University of South Australia City East Campus, Adelaide, SA, Australia. 4. Becker & Hickl GmbH, Nahmitzer Damm 30, 12277 Berlin, Germany. 5. School of Pharmacy, CHIRI, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, WA, Australia.
Abstract
AIM: We assessed the effects of flexing and massage on human skin penetration and toxicity of topically applied coated and uncoated zinc oxide nanoparticles (˜75 nm) in vivo. MATERIALS & METHODS: Noninvasive multiphoton tomography with fluorescence lifetime imaging was used to evaluate the penetration of nanoparticles through the skin barrier and cellular apoptosis in the viable epidermis. RESULTS: All nanoparticles applied to skin with flexing and massage were retained in the stratum corneum or skin furrows. No significant penetration into the viable epidermis was seen and no cellular toxicity was detected. CONCLUSION: Exposure of normal in vivo human skin to these nanoparticles under common in-use conditions of flexing or massage is not associated with significant adverse events.
AIM: We assessed the effects of flexing and massage on human skin penetration and toxicity of topically applied coated and uncoated zinc oxide nanoparticles (˜75 nm) in vivo. MATERIALS & METHODS: Noninvasive multiphoton tomography with fluorescence lifetime imaging was used to evaluate the penetration of nanoparticles through the skin barrier and cellular apoptosis in the viable epidermis. RESULTS: All nanoparticles applied to skin with flexing and massage were retained in the stratum corneum or skin furrows. No significant penetration into the viable epidermis was seen and no cellular toxicity was detected. CONCLUSION: Exposure of normal in vivo human skin to these nanoparticles under common in-use conditions of flexing or massage is not associated with significant adverse events.
Entities:
Keywords:
flexing; human skin in vivo; imaging; massage; nanoparticle penetration; zinc oxide
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