Karla Thornton1, Paulina Deming2, Richard A Manch3, Ann Moore3, Anita Kohli3, Robert Gish3, Norman L Sussman4, Saira Khaderi4, John Scott5, Jorge Mera6, Terry Box7, Clifford Qualls8, Miranda Sedillo8, Sanjeev Arora9. 1. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA. kthornton@salud.unm.edu. 2. College of Pharmacy-Department of Pharmacy Practice, Project ECHO, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, USA. 3. Hepatology Center for Liver and Hepatobiliary Disease, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA. 4. Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. 5. Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. 6. Infectious Diseases, Cherokee Nation Health Services, Oklahoma, USA. 7. Utah Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA. 8. Project ECHO, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, USA. 9. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Historically, chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment was response-guided. Clinical trials with sofosbuvir indicated on-treatment virologic response was not predictive of sustained virologic response (SVR) and hence response-guided therapy (RGT) was abandoned. The purpose of this study is to examine the association between on-treatment 4-week HCV RNA and SVR in patients treated in real-world practice. METHODS: The study is a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients started on treatment with a sofosbuvir-containing regimen, January 1, 2014 through August 20, 2014, for HCV genotype 1-6 infection. Patients were treated by HCV specialists at 6 centers in the Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) HCV Collaborative or in the community by primary care clinicians mentored by HCV specialists through Project ECHO. Patients were included if they were over 18 years, had evidence of chronic HCV, and were started on a sofosbuvir-containing regimen. The aspartate aminotransferase:platelet ratio index (APRI) was used to estimate fibrosis. The main outcome measures were 4-week HCV RNA and SVR. RESULTS: Overall SVR was 82.5 %. At week 4, HCV RNA was detected in 27.4 % of patients. Stepwise multivariable logistic-regression analyses identified APRI > 1.0, male sex, genotype 3, and detectable on treatment 4-week HCV RNA as independent predictors of failure to achieve SVR. CONCLUSIONS: In a real-world setting, a significant proportion of sofosbuvir treated patients have detectable on-treatment 4-week HCV RNA. Detectable on-treatment 4-week HCV RNA is associated with virologic failure. More data are needed to formulate guidance for RGT with newly available HCV therapies.
BACKGROUND: Historically, chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment was response-guided. Clinical trials with sofosbuvir indicated on-treatment virologic response was not predictive of sustained virologic response (SVR) and hence response-guided therapy (RGT) was abandoned. The purpose of this study is to examine the association between on-treatment 4-week HCV RNA and SVR in patients treated in real-world practice. METHODS: The study is a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients started on treatment with a sofosbuvir-containing regimen, January 1, 2014 through August 20, 2014, for HCV genotype 1-6 infection. Patients were treated by HCV specialists at 6 centers in the Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) HCV Collaborative or in the community by primary care clinicians mentored by HCV specialists through Project ECHO. Patients were included if they were over 18 years, had evidence of chronic HCV, and were started on a sofosbuvir-containing regimen. The aspartate aminotransferase:platelet ratio index (APRI) was used to estimate fibrosis. The main outcome measures were 4-week HCV RNA and SVR. RESULTS: Overall SVR was 82.5 %. At week 4, HCV RNA was detected in 27.4 % of patients. Stepwise multivariable logistic-regression analyses identified APRI > 1.0, male sex, genotype 3, and detectable on treatment 4-week HCV RNA as independent predictors of failure to achieve SVR. CONCLUSIONS: In a real-world setting, a significant proportion of sofosbuvir treated patients have detectable on-treatment 4-week HCV RNA. Detectable on-treatment 4-week HCV RNA is associated with virologic failure. More data are needed to formulate guidance for RGT with newly available HCV therapies.
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