Romy Gaillard1,2, Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman3, Wei Perng4,5, Emily Oken3,6, Matthew W Gillman3,6. 1. The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. 2. Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. 3. Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 4. Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. 5. Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. 6. Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Maternal pre-pregnancy obesity is associated with offspring obesity. Underlying mechanisms may involve a maternal obesity-mediated proinflammatory state during pregnancy. Maternal C-reactive protein (CRP) level during pregnancy is a biomarker of low-grade systemic inflammation. METHODS: Among 1,116 mother-child pairs, this study examined associations of maternal second-trimester CRP plasma level, measured by high-sensitivity CRP arrays, with mid-childhood DXA fat mass index (FMI), trunk fat mass index (trunkFMI), fat-free mass index (FFMI), and early and mid-childhood BMI-z and waist circumference (WC). Main analyses were adjusted for maternal sociodemographic and lifestyle-related characteristics, gestational age at blood draw, and child's age and sex. RESULTS: Higher maternal CRP level was associated with higher mid-childhood FMI and trunkFMI (adjusted difference: 0.15 kg/m(2) [95% CI: 0.01, 0.29] [P = 0.04] and 0.06 kg/m(2) [95% CI: 0.00, 0.12] [P = 0.06], per SD increment in maternal CRP, respectively), but not FFMI. Higher maternal CRP level was associated with higher early and mid-childhood BMI-z and WC in the basic models [P < 0.05], but these associations attenuated after adjustment for maternal characteristics (adjusted difference in early and mid-childhood BMI-z and WC: 0.05 [95% CI: -0.03, 0.13] [P = 0.20], 0.10 cm [95% CI: -0.17, 0.37] [P = 0.46], 0.07 [95% CI: -0.01, 0.14] [P = 0.09], 0.34 cm [95% CI: -0.25, 0.94] [P = 0.26], per SD increment in maternal CRP, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Higher second-trimester maternal CRP level was associated with higher mid-childhood overall and central adiposity.
OBJECTIVE: Maternal pre-pregnancy obesity is associated with offspring obesity. Underlying mechanisms may involve a maternal obesity-mediated proinflammatory state during pregnancy. Maternal C-reactive protein (CRP) level during pregnancy is a biomarker of low-grade systemic inflammation. METHODS: Among 1,116 mother-child pairs, this study examined associations of maternal second-trimester CRP plasma level, measured by high-sensitivity CRP arrays, with mid-childhood DXA fat mass index (FMI), trunk fat mass index (trunkFMI), fat-free mass index (FFMI), and early and mid-childhood BMI-z and waist circumference (WC). Main analyses were adjusted for maternal sociodemographic and lifestyle-related characteristics, gestational age at blood draw, and child's age and sex. RESULTS: Higher maternal CRP level was associated with higher mid-childhood FMI and trunkFMI (adjusted difference: 0.15 kg/m(2) [95% CI: 0.01, 0.29] [P = 0.04] and 0.06 kg/m(2) [95% CI: 0.00, 0.12] [P = 0.06], per SD increment in maternal CRP, respectively), but not FFMI. Higher maternal CRP level was associated with higher early and mid-childhood BMI-z and WC in the basic models [P < 0.05], but these associations attenuated after adjustment for maternal characteristics (adjusted difference in early and mid-childhood BMI-z and WC: 0.05 [95% CI: -0.03, 0.13] [P = 0.20], 0.10 cm [95% CI: -0.17, 0.37] [P = 0.46], 0.07 [95% CI: -0.01, 0.14] [P = 0.09], 0.34 cm [95% CI: -0.25, 0.94] [P = 0.26], per SD increment in maternal CRP, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Higher second-trimester maternal CRP level was associated with higher mid-childhood overall and central adiposity.
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