Radiation exposure in pediatric patients during micturating cystourethrography procedures.

The objectives of this study were to measure the entrance surface air kerma (ESAK) and the effective doses in pediatric patients undergoing micturating cystourethrography (MCU) procedures. The ESAK was determined using calibrated thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD- GR 200 A) in 167 pediatric patients. The patient population was categorized into three groups according to age (0-5 years (group 1), 6-10 years (group 2) and 11-15 years (group 3)). The mean ESAK±SD and range (mGy) resulting from a MCU procedure was estimated to be 2.2±0.5 (0.8-9.2), 2.48±0.6 (0.9-8.1) and 3.90±0.6 (1.1-10.3) for group 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The mean effective dose was between 0.03 and 0.4 mSv per procedure for the pediatric population. Pediatric patients were exposed to avoidable radiation doses because no gonad shields were used.