One-lung high-frequency ventilation in the management of an acquired neonatal pulmonary cyst.

Pulmonary cystic lesions presenting in the neonatal period can be congenital in origin, such as cystic adenomatoid malformation and congenital lobar emphysema, or they can be acquired. With recent advances in the support of premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), acquired cystic lesions such as pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE), lobar emphysema, and parenchymal cysts have become more common. Several treatments have been proposed for these acquired lesions. We report what we believe to be the first case in which unilateral high-frequency ventilation (HFV) combined with low-rate intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) has been used to successfully manage an acquired lung cyst in a newborn.