David M Williams1, Shira Dunsiger1,2, Brenda M Davy3, Sarah A Kelleher4, Elaina L Marinik3, Richard A Winett4. 1. a Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences , Brown University School of Public Health , Providence , RI , USA. 2. b Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine , The Miriam Hospital , Providence , RI , USA. 3. c Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , RI , USA. 4. d Department of Psychology , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , RI , USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Examine psychosocial mediators of the effects of high vs. low-dose resistance training (RT) maintenance interventions among older (ages 50-69), overweight and pre-diabetic adults. DESIGN:Participants (N = 123) completed a three-month supervised RT initiation phase and were subsequently randomised (time 1) to high or low-dose six-month unsupervised RT maintenance interventions (time 2), followed by a six-month no-contact phase (time 3). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Online measures of putative mediators and RT behaviour. RESULTS: RT intervention condition (high vs. low dose) had significant effects on change from time 1 to time 2 in behavioural expectation, self-regulation and perceived satisfaction (f(2) = .04-.08), but not outcome expectancies, RT strategies or behavioural intentions (f(2) ≤ .02). Change in each of the putative mediators, except for outcome expectancies (f(2) ≤ .02), had significant effects on RT behaviour at times 2 (f(2) = .12-.27) and 3 (f(2) = .23-.40). In a multiple mediation model, behavioural expectation (f(2) = .11) and self-regulation (f(2) = .06) mediated the effects of RT intervention condition on time 2 RT behaviour, whereas perceived satisfaction did not (f(2) = .01). Self-regulation was a significant mediator of intervention effects on time 3 RT behaviour (f(2) = .11), but behavioural expectation and perceived satisfaction were not (f(2) = .04). CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that behavioural expectation and self-regulation are appropriate targets for RT maintenance interventions among at-risk older adults.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVE: Examine psychosocial mediators of the effects of high vs. low-dose resistance training (RT) maintenance interventions among older (ages 50-69), overweight and pre-diabetic adults. DESIGN:Participants (N = 123) completed a three-month supervised RT initiation phase and were subsequently randomised (time 1) to high or low-dose six-month unsupervised RT maintenance interventions (time 2), followed by a six-month no-contact phase (time 3). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Online measures of putative mediators and RT behaviour. RESULTS: RT intervention condition (high vs. low dose) had significant effects on change from time 1 to time 2 in behavioural expectation, self-regulation and perceived satisfaction (f(2) = .04-.08), but not outcome expectancies, RT strategies or behavioural intentions (f(2) ≤ .02). Change in each of the putative mediators, except for outcome expectancies (f(2) ≤ .02), had significant effects on RT behaviour at times 2 (f(2) = .12-.27) and 3 (f(2) = .23-.40). In a multiple mediation model, behavioural expectation (f(2) = .11) and self-regulation (f(2) = .06) mediated the effects of RT intervention condition on time 2 RT behaviour, whereas perceived satisfaction did not (f(2) = .01). Self-regulation was a significant mediator of intervention effects on time 3 RT behaviour (f(2) = .11), but behavioural expectation and perceived satisfaction were not (f(2) = .04). CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that behavioural expectation and self-regulation are appropriate targets for RT maintenance interventions among at-risk older adults.
Entities:
Keywords:
behavioural expectation; behavioural maintenance; diabetes; older adults; self-regulation; theory
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